ISRN Entomology

Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 737193, 8 pages

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/737193

Research Article

Exploring Flat Faced Longhorn Beetles (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) from the Reserve Forests of Dooars, West Bengal, India

Sumana Saha,¹ Hüseyin Özdikmen,² Manish Kanti Biswas,³ and Dinendra Raychaudhuri⁴

¹Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Government College, Government of West Bengal, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734101, India

²Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, 06500 Ankara, Turkey

³Department of Zoology, Sreegopal Banerjee College, Mogra, Hooghly, West Bengal 712148, India

⁴Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India

Received 25 June 2013; Accepted 7 August 2013

Academic Editors: Y. Fan and P. Simões

Copyright © 2013 Sumana Saha et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

The present study deals with 29 lamiid species under 21 genera of Dooars, West Bengal, India. These include 4 newly recorded species, namely, Macrochenus isabellinus Aurivillius, Aesopida malasiaca Thomson, Pterolophia (Hylobrotus) lateralis Gahan and Nupserha quadrioculata (Thunberg) from India while 16 others (marked by ●) from the state.

1. Introduction

Subfamily Lamiinae (Cerambycidae) include members of flat faced longhorn beetles that are both xylophagous and phytophagous [1]. The group appears to be well studied [2]. Globally more than 20,248 lamiid species under 3,052 genera are known [3]. Many of the details for each of the species are also provided [4, 5].

Despite being important from the stand point of forestry/pollination/bioindicator, this group of insects is yet to receive serious attention in India more so in North East India, one of the two hotspots of the country, an area certainly rich in floral diversity. It is therefore necessary to refer the early works done on the Indian lamiids [6–35]. However, none of the workers ever extensively dealt with these insects of “DOOARS.”

In the study area, Dooars represents the biogeographic provinces of Central Himalayas (2C) and lower gangetic plains (7B) situated between latitudes 26°16′′ and 27°00′′ north and longitudes 88°04′′ and 89°58′′ east. It includes 4 reserve forests, namely, Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR, 760.87 sq. km.), Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary (JWLS, 216.51 sq. km.), Gorumara National Park (GNP, 79.99 sq. km.), and Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary (CWLS, 9.6 sq. km.), lying in the foothills of Himalaya.

We (saving the second author) for nearly two decades are involved in the exploration of the long horn beetles of the area. Present communication is one such outcome on the lamiids dealing with 29 species under 21 genera. Four of the 29 species, namely, Macrochenus isabellinus Aurivillius, Aesopida malasiaca Thomson, Pterolophia (Hylobrotus) lateralis Gahan, and Nupserha quadrioculata (Thunberg), are reported as new from the country while 16 others (marked by ●) from the state.

2. Material and Methods

Initiated in 1993, extremely intense survey is still on in the aforesaid forests for the cerambycids (flat-faced longhorn beetles). Insect samples are collected by hand picking, sweep net, and bush/foliage/herb beating. Many of the samples are collected by operating UV light trap during 18–22 hrs of the day. Further processing of the insect material is done following the recommended practices [36] and studied under Stereozoom Binocular Microscopes, models Zeiss SV11 and Olympus SZX7, each with necessary photographic attachment. Reported species are in the deposition of Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta.

3. Results

The 29 recorded species of 21 genera under 11 tribes are presented hereunder.

3.1. Tribe: Acanthocinini

 ● Ostedes (Trichostedes) assamana Breuning, 1961 (Figure 1(a)). Ostedes (Trichostedes) assamana Breuning, 1961, Zs. d. Arbeit. Ost. Ent. 12(3): 135.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Figure 1: (a) Ostedes (Trichostedes) assamana Breuning, (b) Eucomatocera vittata White, (c) Tetraglenes hirticornis (Fabricius), (d) Astathes (Tetraophthalmus) gibbicollis Thomson, (e) Astathes (Tetraophthalmus) violaceipennis (Thomson), and (f) Batocera davidis Fairemaire.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Kumargram, BTR, 26.v.2004, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Bendaki, JWLS, 820. xi. 2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution.  India: Assam, West Bengal; Laos [3, 4, 37].

3.2. Tribe: Agapanthini

 Eucomatocera vittata White, 1846 (Figure 1(b)). Eucomatocera vittata White, 1846, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 18 : 49.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Tashigaon, BTR, 26.v.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 17.ix.2010, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Siltorsa, JWLS, 17.iii.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Kunjanagar, JWLS, 27.iv.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., 50 ft, JWLS, 1.v.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Moiradanga, JWLS, 3.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 2 ex., NWC, JWLS, 7.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Mendabari, JWLS, 9.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., C.C.Line, JWLS, 9.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 3 ex., C.C.Line, JWLS, 14.x.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Siltorsa, JWLS, 19.x.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Baradabri, JWLS, 30.iv.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex, Malangi, JWLS, 2.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Lankapara, JWLS, 5.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., T.E.C., JWLS, 9.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Mantharam, JWLS, 18.x.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Sisamara, JWLS, 20.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Gorumara, GNP, 3.xi.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas; 1 ex., Bichabhanga, GNP, 1.iv.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas; 1 ex., Chapramari, CWLS, 4.xi.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam [4, 37].

 ● Tetraglenes hirticornis (Fabricius, 1798) (Figure 1(c)). Saperda hirticornis Fabricius, 1798, Ent. Syst. Suppl., 148.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Sankos, BTR, 8.v.1995, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Bhutanghat, BTR, 25.v.1995, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Jayanti, BTR, 24.v.1996, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Daidaighat, JWLS, 8.iv.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 2 ex., NWC, JWLS, 7.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Mendabari, JWLS, 9.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Daidaighat, JWLS, 2.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Baradabri, JWLS, 6.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution.  India: West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, and Vietnam [4, 37–39].

3.3. Tribe: Astathini

 ● Astathes (Tetraophthalmus) gibbicollis Thomson, 1865 (Figure 1(d)).  Astathes gibbicollis Thomson, 1865, Syst. Cer., 559.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Poro, BTR, 5.iv.2002, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 24.v.2009 (LT) coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: North India, West Bengal; Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Vietnam [4, 37].

 ● Astathes (Tetraophthalmus) violaceipennis (Thomson, 1857) (Figure 1(e)).  Tetraophthalmus violaceipennis Thomson, 1857, Archiv. Ent., 1: 53.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Newland, BTR, 26.v.1995, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 24.v.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 2 ex., Dima, BTR, 10.iv.2010, coll. S. Sarkar, 1 ex., Dima, BTR, 10.iv.2010, coll. S. Sarkar, 2 ex., Mendabari, JWLS, 28.iv.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Khunia, GNP, 5.vi.2006, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal; China, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam [4, 38, 40, 41].

3.4. Tribe: Batocerini

 Batocera davidis Fairemaire, 1878 (Figure 1(f)).  Batocera davidis Fairemaire, 1878, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 8(5): 131.

Materials Examined. 1 ex., Panbari, BTR, 20.v.1995, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Jayanti, BTR, 21.iv.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Buxaduar, BTR, 3.ix.2009(LT), coll. S. Sarkar; 2 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 10.ix.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Gorumara, GNP, 3.11.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; China, Hawaii, Laos, Taiwan, and Vietnam [4, 42].

3.5. Tribe: Ceroplesini

 ● Diastocera wallichi (Hope, 1831) (Figure 2(a)).  Lamia wallichi Hope, 1831: Gray’s Zool. Misc. 1: 27.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Figure 2: (a) Diastocera wallichi (Hope), (b) Olenecamptus bilobus (Fabricius), (c) Olenecamptus dominus Thomson, (d) Acalolepta griseipennis (Thomson), (e) Aristobia approximator (Thomson), and (f) Blepephaeus succinator (Chevrolat).

Material Examined. 1 ex., Phaskhawa, BTR, 2.v.1996, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Panbari, BTR, 4.iv.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution. India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Iran, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam [4, 29, 43].

3.6. Tribe: Dorcaschematini

 ● Olenecamptus bilobus (Fabricius, 1801) (Figure 2(b)).  Saperda biloba Fabricius 1801, Bibl. Acad. Nov., 2: 324.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 19.v.1995, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Nimati, BTR, 27.v.1997, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 29.iii.2002(LT), coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 11.x.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Holapara, JWLS, 29.iv.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution. India: Andaman and Nicobar Island, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tripura, Uttarakhand, West Bengal; Australia, Bhutan, Bismarck A., Celebes Island, China, Comores, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Malacca, Mauritius, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Reunion Island, Sunda Island, Seychelles Island, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor, Vanuatu Island, and Vietnam [4, 12, 22, 23, 26, 34, 37].

 ● Olenecamptus dominus Thomson, 1860 (Figure 2(c)). Olenecamptus dominus Thomson, 1860, Essai class. Cer. 362.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Damanpur, BTR, 12.iv.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 2 ex., Hollong, JWLS, 29.iv.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution. India: Assam, West Bengal; Cambodia, China, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam [3, 4, 37].

3.7. Tribe: Lamiini

 ● Acalolepta griseipennis (Thomson, 1857) (Figure 2(d)).  Monochammus griseipennis Thomson, 1857, Arch. Ent. 1: 296.

Material Examined. 2 ex., Newland, BTR, 17.v.1997, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Nimati, BTR, 22.v.1997, coll. B. Kundu; 1 ex., Kunjanagar, JWLS, 27.iv.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Bichabhanga, GNP, 5.vi.2006, coll. S. Sen.

Distribution. India: Sikkim, West Bengal; Bhutan, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Nepal [3, 4, 37, 39].

 ● Aristobia approximator (Thomson, 1865) (Figure 2(e)).  Celosterna approximator Thomson, 1865, Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liege, 19: 552.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Gadadhar, BTR, 20.x.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Cheko, BTR, 11.ix.2009, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: Assam, Manipur, West Bengal; Cambodia, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 12, 37, 39, 44].

 Blepephaeus succinator (Chevrolat, 1852) (Figure 2(f)).  Monohammus succinator Chevrolat, 1852, Rev. Mag. Zool. 2, 4 : 417.

Material Examined. 1 ex. Panbari, BTR, 25.v.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 2 ex., Mendabari, JWLS, 3.vii.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Gorumara, GNP, 3.vi.2006, coll. S. Sen.

Distribution. India: Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Laos, Malacca, Malaysia, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 29, 37].

 Macrochenus isabellinus Aurivillius, 1920 (Figure 3(a)).  Macrochenus isabellinus Aurivillius, 1920, Ark. Zool., 13 (9): 372.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Figure 3: (a) Macrochenus isabellinus Aurivillius, (b) Paraleprodera insidiosa (Pascoe), (c) Pharsalia (Cycos) subgemmata (Thomson), (d) Pseudonemophas versteegi (Ritsema), (e) Aesopida malasiaca Thomson, and (e) Coptops aedificator (Fabricius).

Material Examined. 1 ex., Phaskhawa, BTR, 25.v.1997, coll. S. Saha.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; China, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam [4, 38, 39].

 ● Paraleprodera insidiosa (Pascoe, 1888) (Figure 3(b)).  Leprodera insidiosa Pascoe, 1888, Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist. ser. 6, 2: 391.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Panbari, BTR, 24.v.1995, coll. B. Kundu; 1 ex., Raimatang, BTR, 30.v.1996, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Sankos, BTR, 10.vi.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., S. Bholka, BTR, 12.iv.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 2 ex., Jayanti, BTR, 14.iv.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 24. v.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Panbari, BTR, 25.v.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 12.iv.2010, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Malangi, JWLS, 23.iii.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Chapramari, CWLS, 6.vi.2006, coll. S. Sen.

Distribution. India: North India, West Bengal; Cambodia, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam [3–5, 39].

 ● Pharsalia (Cycos) subgemmata (Thomson, 1857) (Figure 3(c)). Monochamus subgemmatus Thomson, 1857, Arch. Ent. 1: 294.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Kumargram, BTR, 25.vi.2004, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, West Bengal; Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 22, 39].

 ● Pseudonemophas versteegi (Ritsema, 1881) (Figure 3(d)).  Monohammus versteegi Ritsema, 1881. Not. Leyd. Mus., 3(3): 155.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Tashigaon, BTR, 26.v.1996, coll. B. Kundu; 2 ex., Newland, BTR, 17.v.1997, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Jayanti, BTR, 21.iv.2003, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Hatipota, BTR, 15.iv.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Raimatang, BTR, 27.v.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Dima BTR, 10.iv.2010, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Gorumara, GNP, 5.vi.2004, coll. M. K. Biswas; 2 ex., Gorumara, GNP, 5.vi.2004, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: Sikkim, West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 37, 39].

3.8. Tribe: Mesosini

 Aesopida malasiaca Thomson, 1864 (Figure 3(e)).  Aesopida malasiaca Thomson, 1864, Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liege 19: 62.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Chapramari, CWLS, 4.iv.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, and Vietnam [3, 4, 39].

 ● Coptops aedificator (Fabricius, 1792) (Figure 3(f)).  Lamia aedificator Fabricius, 1792, Hafniae, Proft, 1, 2: 275.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Kumargram, BTR, 14.iv.2003, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: Andaman Island, West Bengal; Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Fernando Po, Gabon, Hawaii, Ivory coast, Mauritius, Reunion Island, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, Nigeria, Philippines, Principe Island, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia [3–5, 39, 42].

 Coptops leucostictica White, 1858 (Figure 4(a)).  Coptops leucostictica White, 1858, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 3, 2 : 272.

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(b)

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(d)

(e)

(f)

Figure 4: (a) Coptops leucostictica White, (b) Pterolophia (Hylobrotus) lateralis Gahan, (c) Glenea (Stiroglenea) cantor (Fabricius), (d) Glenea (s str.) indiana (Thomson), (e) Glenea (s. str.) pulchra Aurivillius, and (f) Glenea (s. str.) t-notata Gahan.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 7.iii.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Sankos, BTR, 26.v.2004, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 24.v.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 13.x.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., Madarihat, JWLS, 7.6.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution. India: Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal; Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam [4, 5, 29].

3.9. Tribe: Pteropliini

 Pterolophia (Hylobrotus) lateralis Gahan, 1894 (Figure 4(b)).  Pterolophia lateralis Gahan, 1894, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova., 34 : 65.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Madarihat, JWLS, 7.6.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan [3–5, 37, 39].

3.10. Tribe: Saperdini

 ● Glenea (Stiroglenea) cantor (Fabricius, 1787) (Figure 4(c)). Lamia cantor Fabricius, 1787, Mant. Ins. 1: 142.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Jayanti, BTR, 24.v.1996, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Kumargram, BTR, 18.v.1997, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Garam, BTR, 20.vi.2003, coll. S. Sarkar; 2 ex., Bendaki, JWLS, 8.xi.2001, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 2 ex., Daidaighat, Jaldapara, 5.3.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Jaldapara, JWLS, 7.xi.2004, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Gorumara, GNP, 2.xi.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; China, Laos, Philippines, and Vietnam [3, 4].

 Glenea (s. str.) indiana (Thomson, 1857) (Figure 4(d)).  Stibara indiana Thomson, 1857, Archive Ent., 1: 141.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 19.v.1995, coll. B. Kundu; 1 ex., Panbari, BTR, 20.v.1995, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Newland, BTR, 17.v.1997, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Gadadhar, BTR, 5.ix.2009, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal; Bangladesh, Bhutan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 12, 26, 29, 37, 40, 45].

 Glenea (s. str.) pulchra Aurivillius, 1926 (Figure 4(e)).  Glenea pulchra Aurivillius, 1926, Philip. J. Sci. 30: 111.

Material Examined. 1 ex., S. Bholka, BTR, 20.iii.1997, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex., Kunjanagar, JWLS, 3.vi.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas; 1 ex., Siltorsa, JWLS, 19.x.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex., Budhuram, GNP, 4.vi.2006, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Laos, Malacca, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 12, 37, 39].

 ● Glenea (s. str.) t-notata Gahan, 1889 (Figure 4(f)).  Glenea (s. str.) t-notata Gahan, 1889, Trans. Ent. Soc., 223.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Newland, BTR, 17.vii.1997, coll. D. Raychaudhuri.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; Bangladesh, China, Laos, Nepal [3–5, 37, 39].

 Nupserha fricator (Dalman, 1817) (Figure 5(a)). Saperda fricator Dalman, 1817, Syn. Ins. 1 (3): 183.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

Figure 5: (a) Nupserha fricator (Dalman), (b) Nupserha quadrioculata (Thunberg) (c) Stibara (s. str.) tetraspilota Hope, (d) Stibara (s. str.) tricolor (Fabricius), and (e) Xylorhiza adusta (Wiedmann).

Material Examined. 1 ex., Newland, BTR, 19.v.1997, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex., Bichabhanga, GNP, 1.iv.2003, coll. M. K. Biswas.

Distribution. India: Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal; Celebes Island, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 29, 46].

 Nupserha quadrioculata (Thunberg, 1787) (Figure 5(b)). Saperda quadrioculata Thunberg, 1787, Mus. Nat. Acad. Upsala 4: 57.

Material Examined. 1 ex., Nimati, BTR, 3.iv.2002, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex., S. Bholka, BTR, 12.iv.2009, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: West Bengal; China, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam [3, 4, 37, 39].

 Stibara (s. str.) tetraspilota Hope, 1840 (Figure 5(c)).  Stibara tetraspilota Hope, 1840, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1: 79.

Material Examined. 1 ex, Phaskhawa, BTR, 9.v.1994, coll. B. Kundu; 1 ex, Panbari, BTR, 20.v.1995, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex, Phaskhawa, BTR, 25.v.1996, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex, S. Bholka, BTR, 19.vi.1996, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex, S. Bholka, BTR, 19.v.1997, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1 ex, Nimati, BTR, 21. v.1997, coll. S. Saha; 1 ex, Nimati, BTR, 3.iv.2002, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex, Kumargram, BTR, 11.iv.2009, coll. S. Sarkar; 1 ex, Jaldapara, JWLS, 29.iv.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex, Hasimara, JWLS, 10.vi.2002, coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex, Baradabri, JWLS, 6.vi.2002 coll. S. Bhattacharya; 1 ex, Chapramari, CWLS, 6.vi.2006, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Orissa, West Bengal; Laos, Myanmar, Thailand [4, 23, 25, 29, 33, 37].

 ● Stibara (s. str.) tricolor (Fabricius, 1792) (Figure 5(d)). Saperda tricolor Fabricius, 1792, Hafniae, Proft., 1 (2): 309.

Material Examined. 2 ex., Newland, BTR, 26.v.2004, coll. S. Sarkar.

Distribution. India: Assam, West Bengal; China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam [3–5, 37].

3.11. Tribe: Xylorhizini

 Xylorhiza adusta (Wiedmann, 1819) (Figure 5(e)).  Lamia adusta Wiedmann, 1819, Zool. Mag. Kiel., 1 (3): 182.

Material Examined. 1 ex., TEC, JWLS, 9.vi.2003, coll. S. Bhattacharya.

Distribution. India: Orissa, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal; Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malacca, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam [3–5, 23, 29, 37, 39].

Acknowledgments

The authors sincerely acknowledge the financial assistance rendered by Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India (Sanction no. 4206/WZ/2W-231/94 dt. 01.11.1994 & 14/34/2000-ERS/RE dt. 17.10.2001), National Tea Research Foundation, C/o Tea Board, Government of India (Sanction no. RL: 17(9)/2000/808 dt. 4/8.10.2001), West Bengal Biodiversity Board, Government of West Bengal (Sanction no. 326/5k(Bio)-3/2007 dt. 11.12.2008 and 21/5k(Bio)-3/2007 dt. 14.01.2009) and University Grants Commission, Eastern Regional Office (Sanction no. FPSW-036/08-09 dt. 5.12.2008); Director, Zoological Survey of India, Directorate of Forests, Government of West Bengal and Head, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta for necessary support.

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