Physics Research International
Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 937345, 9 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/937345

Research Article

Exact Traveling Wave Solutions for Wick-Type Stochastic Schamel KdV Equation

Hossam A. Ghany1,2 and M. Zakarya³

¹Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Al Hawiyah, Taif 888, Saudi Arabia
²Department of Mathematics, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
³Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt

Received 29 May 2014; Accepted 9 October 2014; Published 15 December 2014

Academic Editor: Alkesh Punjabi

Copyright © 2014 Hossam A. Ghany and M. Zakarya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

F-expansion method is proposed to seek exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. By means of Hermite transform, inverse Hermite transform, and white noise analysis, the variable coefficients and Wick-type stochastic Schamel KdV equations are completely described. Abundant exact traveling wave solutions for variable coefficients Schamel KdV equations are given. These solutions include exact stochastic Jacobi elliptic functions, trigonometric functions, and hyperbolic functions solutions.

1. Introduction

In this paper, we investigate the variable coefficients Schamel KdV equations [1, 2]:

where , , and are bounded measurable or integrable functions on . Random wave is an important subject of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs). Many authors have studied this subject. Wadati first introduced and studied the stochastic KdV equations and gave the diffusion of soliton for KdV equation under Gaussian noise in [3, 4] and others [5–9] also researched stochastic KdV equations. Xie first introduced Wick-type stochastic KdV equations on white noise space and showed the auto-Backlund transformation and the exact white noise functional solutions in [10]. Furthermore, Xie [11–14] and Ghany et al. [15–21] researched some Wick-type stochastic wave equations using white noise analysis.

In this paper we use F-expansion method for finding new periodic wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics, and we obtain some new periodic wave solutions for Schamel KdV equations. This method is more powerful and will be used in further works to establish more entirely new solutions for other kinds of nonlinear partial differential equations arising in mathematical physics. The effort in finding exact solutions to nonlinear equations is important for the understanding of most nonlinear physical phenomena, for instance, the nonlinear wave phenomena observed in the fluid dynamics, plasma, and optical fibers [1, 2]. Many effective methods have been presented such as homotopy analysis method [22], variational iteration method [23, 24], tanh-function method [25–27], homotopy perturbation method [28–30], tanh-coth method [26, 31, 32], Exp-function method [33–38], Jacobi elliptic function expansion method [39–42], and F-expansion method [43–46]. The main objective of this paper is using F-expansion method to construct the exact traveling wave solutions for Wick-type stochastic Schamel KdV equations via the Wick-type product, Hermite transform, and white noise analysis. If (1) is considered in a random environment, we can get stochastic Schamel KdV equations. In order to give the exact solutions of stochastic Schamel KdV equations, we only consider this problem in white noise environment. We will study the following Wick-type stochastic Schamel KdV equations:

where “” is the Wick product on the Kondratiev distribution space and , , and are valued functions [47].

2. Description of the F-Expansion Method

In order to simultaneously obtain more periodic wave solutions expressed by various Jacobi elliptic functions to nonlinear wave equations, we introduce an F-expansion method which can be thought of as a succinctly overall generalization of Jacobi elliptic function expansion. We briefly show what F-expansion method is and how to use it to obtain various periodic wave solutions to nonlinear wave equations. Suppose a nonlinear wave equation for is given by

where is an unknown function and is a polynomial in and its various partial derivatives in which the highest order derivatives and nonlinear terms are involved. In the following we give the main steps of a deformation F-expansion method.

Step 1. Look for traveling wave solution of (3) by taking

Hence, under the transformation in (4), then, (3) can be transformed into ordinary differential equation (ODE) as follows:

Step 2. Suppose that can be expressed by a finite power series of of the form

where are constants to be determined later, while in (6) satisfies

and hence holds for :

where , , and are constants.

Step 3. The positive integer can be determined by considering the homogeneous balance between the highest derivative term and the nonlinear terms appearing in (5). Therefore, we can get the value of in (6).

Step 4. Substituting (6) into (5) with condition (7), we obtain polynomial in   . Setting each coefficient of this polynomial to be zero yields a set of algebraic equations for and .

Step 5. Solving the algebraic equations with the aid of Maple we have and can be expressed by , , and . Substituting these results into F-expansion (6), then a general form of traveling wave solution of (3) can be obtained.

Step 6. Since the general solutions of (6) have been well known for us, choose properly , , and in ODE (7) such that the corresponding solution of it is one of Jacobi elliptic functions (see Appendices A, B, and C) [43–45].

3. Exact Traveling Wave Solutions of (2)

In this section, we apply Hermite transform, white noise theory, and F-expansion method to explore soliton and periodic wave solutions for (2). Applying Hermite transform to (2), we get the deterministic equation

where is a vector parameter. To look for the traveling wave solution of (3), we make the transformations , , , and , , , with

where and are arbitrary constants which satisfy and is a nonzero function of the indicated variables to be determined later. Thus, (3) can be transformed into the following ODE:

where . The balancing procedure implies that . Therefore, in view of F-expansion method the solution of (3) can be expressed in the form

where , are constants to be determined later. Substitute (12) with conditions (7) and (8) into (11) and collect all terms with the same power of as follows:

Setting each coefficient of to be zero, we get a system of algebraic equations which can be expressed by

with solving the above system to get the following coefficients:

Substituting coefficient (15) into (12) yields general form solutions to (2):

with

From Appendix A, we give the special cases as follows.

Case 1. If we take , , and , then ;

with

In the limit case when , we have ; thus (18) becomes

with

In the limit case when , we have ; thus (18) becomes

with

Case 2. If we take , , and , then and

with

In the limit case when , we have ; thus (24) becomes

with

In the limit case when , we have ; thus (24) becomes

Case 3. If we take , and , then and

with

In the limit case when , we have ; thus (29) becomes

In the limit case when , we have ; thus (29) becomes

with

Remark that there are other solutions for (2). These solutions come from setting different values for the coefficients , , and (see Appendices A, B, and C). The above-mentioned cases are just to clarify how far our technique is applicable.

4. White Noise Functional Solutions of (2)

In this section, we employ the results of Section 3 by using Hermite transform to obtain exact white noise functional solutions for Wick-type stochastic Schamel KdV equations (2). The properties of exponential and trigonometric functions yield the fact that there exists a bounded open set ,  ,   such that the solution of (9) and all its partial derivatives which are involved in (9) are uniformly bounded for , continuous with respect to for all , and analytic with respect to , for all . From Theorem in [47], there exists such that for all and solves (2) in . Hence, by applying the inverse Hermite transform to the results of Section 3, we get exact white noise functional solutions of (2) as follows.

(i) Exact stochastic Jacobi elliptic functions solutions:

with

(ii) Exact stochastic trigonometric solutions:

with

(iii) Exact stochastic hyperbolic solutions:

with

We observe that, for different forms of , , and , we can get different types of exact stochastic functional solutions of (2) from (34)–(38).

5. Example

It is well known that Wick version of function is usually difficult to evaluate. So, in this section, we give non-Wick version of solutions of (2). Let be the Gaussian white noise, where is the Brownian motion. We have the Hermite transform [47]:

Since

Suppose that

where , , and are arbitrary constants and is integrable or bounded measurable function on . Therefore, for , exact white noise functional solutions of (2) are as follows:

with

with

6. Summary and Discussion

We have discussed the solutions of SPDEs driven by Gaussian white noise. There is a unitary mapping between the Gaussian white noise space and the Poisson white noise space. This connection was given by Benth and Gjerde [48]. From [47, section 4.9] and by the aid of the connection, we can derive some stochastic exact soliton solutions, which are Poisson white noise functions in (2). In this paper, using Hermite transformation, white noise theory, and F-expansion method, we study the white noise functional solutions for Wick-type stochastic Schamel KdV equations. This paper shows that F-expansion method is sufficient to solve the stochastic nonlinear equations in mathematical physics. The method which we have proposed in this paper is standard, direct, and computerized method, which allows us to do complicated and tedious algebraic calculation. It is shown that the algorithm can be also applied to other nonlinear SPDEs in mathematical physics such as modified Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV, KdV-Burgers, modified KdV Burgers, Sawada-Kotera, and Zhiber-Shabat equations and Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (BBM) equations. Since (2) has other solutions of Jacobi elliptic functions, trigonometric functions, and hyperbolic functions if we select other values of , , and (see Appendices A, B, and C), there are many other exact traveling wave solutions for Wick-type stochastic Schamel KdV equations.

Appendices

A.

The Jacobi elliptic functions degenerate into trigonometric functions when :

B.

The Jacobi elliptic functions degenerate into hyperbolic functions when :

C.

The ODE and Jacobi elliptic functions: for relation between values of , , and and corresponding in ODE, see Table 1.

Table 1

,

,  

,  

,  

,  ,  

,  ,  ,

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

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