Ternary Schiff base copper(II) complex [CuL(tmpda)] (where H2L is N-(salicylidene)-L-valine; tmpda is N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine) has been characterized by UV-Vis., FTIR, and single crystal XRD. The crystal structure displays a distorted square pyramidal geometry in which Schiff base is bonded to the Cu(II) ion via phenolate oxygen, imine nitrogen, and an oxygen atom of the carboxylate group through the basal plane and the chelating diamine, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine, displays an axial and equatorial mode of binding via NN-donor atoms.
Transition metal complexes derived from Schiff bases have attracted attention of the researchers for their extensive application in the field of industry and biology [
Herein, we report the synthesis, crystal structure, and spectroscopic studies of Schiff base copper(II) complex derived from N-(salicylidene)-L-valine and, an aliphatic chelating diamine, tmpda.
All the reagents and chemicals were procured from commercial sources and were used without purification. Copper(II) acetate monohydrate, salicylaldehyde, and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
Molar conductance of the complex was measured in DMF (10−3 M) using a direct digital conductometer. Elemental analyses of the Cu(II) complex were performed with a Perkin-Elmer model 2400 series II CHN analyzer. FTIR spectrum of solid complex was recorded using KBr pellet in the region of 4000–400 cm−1 on AVATAR 330 spectrophotometer. UV-Visible spectrum of the complex in DMF was recorded in the region of 200–800 nm using a Hitachi U-2800 spectrophotometer.
The procedure for the synthesis of Schiff base copper(II) complex is given below and the structure of the Schiff base is depicted in Figure
Structure of Schiff base ligand (H2L).
L-valine (0.351 g, 3 mmol) and KOH (0.336 g, 6 mmol) were dissolved in water. To this an ethanolic solution (25 mL) of salicylaldehyde (0.3 mL, 3 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for about 1 h at 333 K. The solution turned yellow. To the above solution, copper(II) acetate monohydrate (0.61 g, 3 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h, followed by addition of tmpda (0.3 mL, 3 mmol). The mixture was stirred for another 2 h at the same temperature. The resultant green colored solution was filtered and kept at room temperature. Green colored crystals were obtained after the evaporation of the mother liquor. Finally, it was filtered and dried.
Analytical data of Schiff base Cu(II) complex are given below: MF: C19H31O3N3Cu; Elemental analyses found (calculated) %: C: 55.26 (55.25); H: 7.63 (7.57); N: 10.18 (10.17).
Single crystal X-ray diffraction data of the Schiff base ternary copper(II) complex was used for data collected on a Bruker single crystal Kappa Apex II diffractometer. Single crystals of Cu(II) complex suitable for X-ray diffraction study were obtained from slow evaporation of the mother liquor at room temperature. A green colored crystal of the Cu(II) complex having the dimensions 0.13 × 0.22 × 0.25 mm was used for the X-ray crystallographic analysis. Crystal data were collected using graphite monochromatized Mo-K
The structure of Cu(II) complex was solved by direct methods using SHELXS-97 and refined by full-matrix least-squares techniques against
Crystal data and structure refinement for [CuL(tmpda)].
CCDC deposition number | 1406394 |
---|---|
Empirical formula | C19H31CuN3O3 |
Formula weight (g/mol) | 413.01 |
Temperature (K) | 296( |
Wavelength (Å) | 0.71073 |
Crystal system, space group | Tetragonal, |
Unit cell dimensions | |
|
10.7750( |
|
90, 90, 90 |
Volume (Å3) | 2075.0( |
|
4, 1.322 |
Absorption coefficient (mm−1) | 1.075 |
|
876 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.130 × 0.220 × 0.250 |
|
1.89 to 24.98 |
Limiting indices |
|
Reflections collected/unique | 7583/4920 |
Independent reflections | 3452 [ |
Completeness to theta = 25.00° | 100% |
Absorption correction none < 41 | Multiscan |
Max. and min. transmission | 0.8730 and 0.7750 |
Refinement method | Full-matrix least-squares on |
Refinement program | SHELXL-2014/7 (Sheldrick, 2014) |
Function minimized |
|
Data/restraints/parameters | 3452/1/241 |
Goodness of fit on |
1.026 |
|
0.073 |
Final |
|
|
|
Absolute structure parameter | 1.0( |
Largest diff. peak and hole (e·Å−3) | 0.307 and −0.280 |
RMS deviation from mean | 0.053 eÅ−3 |
The Cu(II) complex was found to be freely soluble in DMSO, DMF, and ethanol at room temperature, whereas it is partially soluble in water and chloroform. The lower molar conductivity value (2.3 Ω−1 cm2 mol−1) of the complex in DMF (10−3 M) indicated the nonelectrolytic nature [
The selected bond lengths and bond angles of the Schiff base Cu(II) complex are listed in Table
Selected bond lengths (Å) and angles (°) for the [CuL(tmpda)].
Cu( |
1.923( |
O( |
92.1( |
Cu( |
1.959( |
N( |
83.0( |
Cu( |
2.445( |
N( |
167.0( |
Cu( |
1.954( |
O( |
95.4( |
Cu( |
2.058( |
O( |
91.9( |
O( |
171.9( |
||
O( |
89.3( |
||
O( |
94.1( |
||
N( |
100.6( |
||
N( |
92.2( |
An ORTEP view of [CuL(tmpda)] along with the numbering scheme.
Five coordinated Cu(II) complexes exist with square pyramidal (sp) or trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) geometry. In order to distinguish between sp and tbp geometries in case of five coordinated complexes, Addison et al. [
The equatorial O(1)–Cu(1)–N(3), N(3)–Cu(1)–O(2), O(2)–Cu(1)–N(2), and O(1)–Cu(1)–N(2) bond angles are 92.1(3)°, 83.0(3)°, 94.1(3)°, and 89.3(3)°, respectively. The sum of the angles around copper(II) ion is 358.5°, close to 360°. Hence, the atoms O(1), O(2), N(3), N(2), and Cu(1) lie in one plane with the slight deviation of copper(II) ion from the basal plane. The apical N(2)–Cu(1)–N(1), N(3)–Cu(1)–N(1), O(1)–Cu(1)–N(1), and O(2)–Cu(1)–N(1) bond angles are 92.2(3)°, 100.6(3)°, 95.4(3)°, and 91.9(3)°, respectively. The diagonal bond angles for O(1)–Cu(1)–O(2) and N(3)–Cu(1)–N(2) are 171.9(3)° and 167.0(3)°, respectively.
The crystal packing of the Cu(II) complex is shown in Figure
The unit cell packing diagram of the [CuL(tmpda)] viewed along
FTIR spectrum of [CuL(tmpda)] exhibited an intense band at 1627 cm−1, corresponding to a coordinated imine group with Cu(II) ion. The band appeared at 1284 cm−1, indicating the coordination of the Schiff base ligand with the copper(II) ion, via deprotonation. The asymmetric (
The electronic absorption spectrum of Cu(II) recorded in DMF (10−3 M) showed an absorption band at 280 nm and 365 nm can be assigned to
A ternary Schiff base copper(II) complex [CuL(tmpda)] was synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis. and FTIR spectroscopy. The structure of the complex was unambiguously studied by single crystal XRD. Molar conductance measurement confirmed the nonelectrolytic nature of the complex. The XRD studies revealed square pyramidal geometry for the complex. Cu(II) ion was coordinated via phenolic oxygen, imine nitrogen, and oxygen atom of carboxylate group of Schiff base ligand occupying the basal plane, whereas nitrogen atoms of tmpda occupy axial as well as equatorial sites.
The authors declare that there are no competing interests regarding the publication of this paper.
The financial support of this work by University Grants Commission, India (MRP-5199/14 (UGC-SERO)), is gratefully acknowledged.