Abstract and Applied Analysis

Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 891232, 25 pages

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/891232

Research Article

Relaxed Extragradient Methods with Regularization for General System of Variational Inequalities with Constraints of Split Feasibility and Fixed Point Problems

L. C. Ceng,¹ A. Petruşel,² and J. C. Yao3,4

¹Department of Mathematics, Shanghai Normal University, and Scientific Computing Key Laboratory of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai 200234, China

²Department of Applied Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

³Center for Fundamental Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

⁴Department of Applied Mathematics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan

Received 1 September 2012; Accepted 15 October 2012

Academic Editor: Julian López-Gómez

Copyright © 2013 L. C. Ceng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

We suggest and analyze relaxed extragradient iterative algorithms with regularization for finding a common element of the solution set of a general system of variational inequalities, the solution set of a split feasibility problem, and the fixed point set of a strictly pseudocontractive mapping defined on a real Hilbert space. Here the relaxed extragradient methods with regularization are based on the well-known successive approximation method, extragradient method, viscosity approximation method, regularization method, and so on. Strong convergence of the proposed algorithms under some mild conditions is established. Our results represent the supplementation, improvement, extension, and development of the corresponding results in the very recent literature.

1. Introduction

Let be a real Hilbert space, whose inner product and norm are denoted by and , respectively. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of . The (nearest point or metric) projection from onto is denoted by . We write to indicate that the sequence converges weakly to and to indicate that the sequence converges strongly to .

Let and be nonempty closed convex subsets of infinite-dimensional real Hilbert spaces and , respectively. The split feasibility problem (SFP) is to find a point with the property:

where and denotes the family of all bounded linear operators from to .

In 1994, the SFP was first introduced by Censor and Elfving [1], in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, for modeling inverse problems which arise from phase retrievals and in medical image reconstruction. A number of image reconstruction problems can be formulated as the SFP; see, for example, [2] and the references therein. Recently, it was found that the SFP can also be applied to study intensity-modulated radiation therapy; see, for example, [3–5] and the references therein. In the recent past, a wide variety of iterative methods have been used in signal processing and image reconstruction and for solving the SFP; see, for example, [2–12] and the references therein. A special case of the SFP is the following convex constrained linear inverse problem [13] of finding an element such that

It has been extensively investigated in the literature using the projected Landweber iterative method [14]. Comparatively, the SFP has received much less attention so far, due to the complexity resulting from the set . Therefore, whether various versions of the projected Landweber iterative method [14] can be extended to solve the SFP remains an interesting open topics. For example, it is yet not clear whether the dual approach to (1.2) of [15] can be extended to the SFP. The original algorithm given in [1] involves the computation of the inverse (assuming the existence of the inverse of ) and thus has not become popular. A seemingly more popular algorithm that solves the SFP is the algorithm of Byrne [2, 7] which is found to be a gradient-projection method (GPM) in convex minimization. It is also a special case of the proximal forward-backward splitting method [16]. The algorithm only involves the computation of the projections and onto the sets and , respectively, and is therefore implementable in the case where and have closed-form expressions, for example, and are closed balls or half-spaces. However, it remains a challenge how to implement the algorithm in the case where the projections and/or fail to have closed-form expressions, though theoretically we can prove the (weak) convergence of the algorithm.

Very recently, Xu [6] gave a continuation of the study on the algorithm and its convergence. He applied Mann’s algorithm to the SFP and purposed an averaged algorithm which was proved to be weakly convergent to a solution of the SFP. He also established the strong convergence result, which shows that the minimum-norm solution can be obtained.

Furthermore, Korpelevič [17] introduced the so-called extragradient method for finding a solution of a saddle point problem. He proved that the sequences generated by the proposed iterative algorithm converge to a solution of the saddle point problem.

Throughout this paper, assume that the SFP is consistent, that is, the solution set of the SFP is nonempty. Let be a continuous differentiable function. The minimization problem

is ill posed. Therefore, Xu [6] considered the following Tikhonov regularization problem:

where is the regularization parameter. The regularized minimization (4) has a unique solution which is denoted by . The following results are easy to prove.

Proposition 1 (see [18, Proposition  3.1]). Given , the following statements are equivalent:

(i) solves the SFP; (ii) solves the fixed point equation

where , and is the adjoint of ;(iii) solves the variational inequality problem (VIP) of finding such that

It is clear from Proposition 1 that

for all , where and denote the set of fixed points of and the solution set of VIP (6), respectively.

Proposition 2 (see [18]). There hold the following statements:

(i) the gradient

is -Lipschitz continuous and -strongly monotone; (ii) the mapping is a contraction with coefficient

where ;(iii) if the SFP is consistent, then the strong exists and is the minimum-norm solution of the SFP.

Very recently, by combining the regularization method and extragradient method due to Nadezhkina and Takahashi [19], Ceng et al. [18] proposed an extragradient algorithm with regularization and proved that the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm converge weakly to an element of , where is a nonexpansive mapping.

Theorem 3 (see [18, Theorem  3.1]). Let be a nonexpansive mapping such that . Let and the sequences in generated by the following extragradient algorithm:

where for some and for some . Then, both the sequences and converge weakly to an element .

On the other hand, assume that is a nonempty closed convex subset of and is a mapping. The classical variational inequality problem (VIP) is to find such that

It is now well known that the variational inequalities are equivalent to the fixed point problems, the origin of which can be traced back to Lions and Stampacchia [20]. This alternative formulation has been used to suggest and analyze projection iterative method for solving variational inequalities under the conditions that the involved operator must be strongly monotone and Lipschitz continuous. Related to the variational inequalities, we have the problem of finding the fixed points of nonexpansive mappings or strict pseudocontraction mappings, which is the current interest in functional analysis. Several people considered a unified approach to solve variational inequality problems and fixed point problems; see, for example, [21–28] and the references therein.

A mapping is said to be an -inverse strongly monotone if there exists such that

A mapping is said to be -strictly pseudocontractive if there exists such that

In this case, we also say that is a -strict pseudo-contraction. In particular, whenever , becomes a nonexpansive mapping from into itself. It is clear that every inverse strongly monotone mapping is a monotone and Lipschitz continuous mapping. We denote by and the solution set of problem (11) and the set of all fixed points of , respectively.

For finding an element of under the assumption that a set is nonempty, closed, and convex, a mapping is nonexpansive, and a mapping is -inverse strongly monotone, Takahashi and Toyoda [29] introduced an iterative scheme and studied the weak convergence of the sequence generated by the proposed scheme to a point of . Recently, Iiduka and Takahashi [30] presented another iterative scheme for finding an element of and showed that the sequence generated by the scheme converges strongly to , where is the initially chosen point in the iterative scheme and denotes the metric projection of onto .

Based on Korpelevič’s extragradient method [17], Nadezhkina and Takahashi [19] introduced an iterative process for finding an element of and proved the weak convergence of the sequence to a point of . Zeng and Yao [27] presented an iterative scheme for finding an element of and proved that two sequences generated by the method converges strongly to an element of . Recently, Bnouhachem et al. [31] suggested and analyzed an iterative scheme for finding a common element of the fixed point set of a nonexpansive mapping and the solution set of the variational inequality (11) for an inverse strongly monotone mapping .

Furthermore, as a much more general generalization of the classical variational inequality problem (11), Ceng et al. [23] introduced and considered the following problem of finding such that

which is called a general system of variational inequalities (GSVI), which and are two constants. The set of solutions of problem (14) is denoted by . In particular, if , then problem (14) reduces to the new system of variational inequalities, introduced and studied by Verma [32]. Recently, Ceng et al. [23] transformed problem (14) into a fixed point problem in the following way.

Lemma 4 (see [23]). For given is a solution of problem (14) if and only if is a fixed point of the mapping defined by

where .

In particular, if the mapping is -inverse strongly monotone for , then the mapping is nonexpansive provided for .

Utilizing Lemma 4, they introduced and studied a relaxed extragradient method for solving problem (14). Throughout this paper, the set of fixed points of the mapping is denoted by . Based on the relaxed extragradient method and viscosity approximation method, Yao et al. [26] proposed and analyzed an iterative algorithm for finding a common solution of the GSVI (14) and the fixed point problem of a strictly pseudo-contractive mapping . Subsequently, Ceng et al. [33] further presented and analyzed an iterative scheme for finding a common element of the solution set of the VIP (11), the solution set of the GSVI (14), and the fixed point set of a strictly pseudo-contractive mapping .

Theorem 5 (see [33, Theorem  3.1]). Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be -inverse strongly monotone and be -inverse strongly monotone for . Let be a -strictly pseudo-contractive mapping such that . Let be a -contraction with . For given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated by the relaxed extragradient iterative scheme:

where for , and the following conditions hold for five sequences and :

(i) and for all ;(ii) and ;(iii) and ;(iv);(v) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Motivated and inspired by the research going on this area, we propose and analyze the following relaxed extragradient iterative algorithms with regularization for finding a common element of the solution set of the GSVI (14), the solution set of the SFP (1), and the fixed point set of a strictly pseudo-contractive mapping .

Algorithm 6. Let for and such that for all . For given arbitrarily, let be the sequences generated by the following relaxed extragradient iterative scheme with regularization:

Under mild assumptions, it is proven that the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Algorithm 7. Let for and such that and for all . For given arbitrarily, let be the sequences generated by the following relaxed extragradient iterative scheme with regularization:

Also, under appropriate conditions, it is shown that the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Note that both [6, Theorem  5.7] and [18, Theorem  3.1] are weak convergence results for solving the SFP (1). Beyond question our strong convergence results are very interesting and quite valuable. Because our relaxed extragradient iterative schemes (17) and (18) with regularization involve a contractive self-mapping , a -strictly pseudo-contractive self-mapping and several parameter sequences, they are more flexible and more subtle than the corresponding ones in [6, Theorem  5.7] and [18, Theorem  3.1], respectively. Furthermore, the relaxed extragradient iterative scheme (16) is extended to develop our relaxed extragradient iterative schemes (17) and (18) with regularization. All in all, our results represent the modification, supplementation, extension, and improvement of [6, Theorem  5.7], [18, Theorem  3.1], and [33, Theorem  3.1].

2. Preliminaries

Let be a nonempty, closed, and convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Now we present some known results and definitions which will be used in the sequel.

The metric (or nearest point) projection from onto is the mapping which assigns to each point the unique point satisfying the property

The following properties of projections are useful and pertinent to our purpose.

Proposition 8 (see [34]). For given and :

(i);(ii);(iii), which hence implies that is nonexpansive and monotone.

Definition 9. A mapping is said to be

(a)nonexpansive if

(b)firmly nonexpansive if is nonexpansive, or equivalently,

alternatively, is firmly nonexpansive if and only if can be expressed as

where is nonexpansive; projections are firmly nonexpansive.

Definition 10. Let be a nonlinear operator with domain and range .

(a) is said to be monotone if

(b)Given a number , is said to be -strongly monotone if

(c)Given a number , is said to be -inverse strongly monotone (-ism) if

It can be easily seen that if is nonexpansive, then is monotone. It is also easy to see that a projection is -ism.

Inverse strongly monotone (also referred to as cocoercive) operators have been applied widely in solving practical problems in various fields, for instance, in traffic assignment problems; see, for example, [35, 36].

Definition 11. A mapping is said to be an averaged mapping if it can be written as the average of the identity and a nonexpansive mapping, that is,

where and is nonexpansive. More precisely, when the last equality holds, we say that is -averaged. Thus firmly nonexpansive mappings (in particular, projections) are -averaged maps.

Proposition 12 (see [7]). Let be a given mapping.

(i) is nonexpansive if and only if the complement is -ism.(ii)If is -ism, then for ,   is -ism.(iii) is averaged if and only if the complement is -ism for some . Indeed, for is -averaged if and only if is -ism.

Proposition 13 (see [7, 37]). Let be given operators.

(i) If for some and if is averaged and is nonexpansive, then is averaged. (ii) is firmly nonexpansive if and only if the complement is firmly nonexpansive. (iii) If for some and if is firmly nonexpansive and is nonexpansive, then is averaged. (iv) The composite of finitely many averaged mappings is averaged. That is, if each of the mappings is averaged, then so is the composite . In particular, if is -averaged and is -averaged, where , then the composite is -averaged, where .(v)If the mappings are averaged and have a common fixed point, then

The notation denotes the set of all fixed points of the mapping , that is, .

It is clear that, in a real Hilbert space , is -strictly pseudo-contractive if and only if there holds the following inequality:

This immediately implies that if is a -strictly pseudo-contractive mapping, then is -inverse strongly monotone; for further detail, we refer to [38] and the references therein. It is well known that the class of strict pseudo-contractions strictly includes the class of nonexpansive mappings.

In order to prove the main result of this paper, the following lemmas will be required.

Lemma 14 (see [39]). Let and be bounded sequences in a Banach space and let be a sequence in with . Suppose for all integers and . Then, .

Lemma 15 (see [38, Proposition  2.1]). Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space and a mapping.

(i)If is a -strict pseudo-contractive mapping, then satisfies the Lipschitz condition

(ii)If is a -strict pseudo-contractive mapping, then the mapping is semiclosed at , that is, if is a sequence in such that weakly and strongly, then .(iii)If is -(quasi-)strict pseudo-contraction, then the fixed point set of is closed and convex so that the projection is well defined.

The following lemma plays a key role in proving strong convergence of the sequences generated by our algorithms.

Lemma 16 (see [34]). Let be a sequence of nonnegative real numbers satisfying the property

where and are such that

(i);(ii)either or ;(iii) where . Then, .

Lemma 17 (see [26]). Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a -strictly pseudo-contractive mapping. Let and be two nonnegative real numbers such that . Then

The following lemma is an immediate consequence of an inner product.

Lemma 18. In a real Hilbert space , there holds the inequality

Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space and let be a monotone mapping. The variational inequality problem (VIP) is to find such that

The solution set of the VIP is denoted by . It is well known that

A set-valued mapping is called monotone if for all and imply that . A monotone set-valued mapping is called maximal if its graph is not properly contained in the graph of any other monotone set-valued mapping. It is known that a monotone set-valued mapping is maximal if and only if for for every implies that . Let be a monotone and Lipschitz continuous mapping and let be the normal cone to at , that is,

Define

It is known that in this case the mapping is maximal monotone, and if and only if ; see further details, one refers to [40] and the references therein.

3. Main Results

In this section, we first prove the strong convergence of the sequences generated by the relaxed extragradient iterative algorithm (17) with regularization.

Theorem 19. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let , and let be -inverse strongly monotone for . Let be a -strictly pseudo-contractive mapping such that . Let be a -contraction with . For given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated by the relaxed extragradient iterative algorithm (17) with regularization, where for , and such that

(i);(ii) and for all ;(iii) and ;(iv) and ;(v);(vi) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Proof. First, taking into account , without loss of generality we may assume that for some .

Now, let us show that is -averaged for each , where

Indeed, it is easy to see that is -ism, that is,

Observe that

Hence, it follows that is -ism. Thus, is -ism according to Proposition 12(ii). By Proposition 12(iii) the complement is -averaged. Therefore, noting that is -averaged, and utilizing Proposition 13(iv), we know that for each is -averaged with

This shows that is nonexpansive. Furthermore, for with , we have

Without loss of generality we may assume that

Consequently, it follows that for each integer is -averaged with

This immediately implies that is nonexpansive for all .

Next we divide the remainder of the proof into several steps.

Step  1. is bounded.

Indeed, take an arbitrary . Then, we get ,   for , and

From (17) it follows that

Utilizing Lemma 18 we also have

For simplicity, we write

for each . Then for each . Since is -inverse strongly monotone for and for ,  , we know that for all ,

Furthermore, by Proposition 8(ii), we have

Further, by Proposition 8(i), we have

So, from (45) we obtain

Hence it follows from (48) and (51) that

Since for all , utilizing Lemma 17 we obtain from (52)

Now, we claim that

As a matter of fact, if , then it is clear that (54) is valid, that is,

Assume that (54) holds for , that is,

Then, we conclude from (53) and (56) that

By induction, we conclude that (54) is valid. Hence, is bounded. Since and are Lipschitz continuous, it is easy to see that and are bounded, where for all .

Step  2. .

Indeed, define for all . It follows that

Since for all , utilizing Lemma 17 we have

Next, we estimate . Observe that

and hence

Combining (60) with (61), we get

This together with (62) implies that

Hence it follows from (58), (59), and (64) that

From (60), we deduce from condition (vi) that . Since , and are bounded, it follows from conditions (i), (iii), (v), and (vi) that

Hence by Lemma 14 we get . Thus,

Step  3. ,  , and , where .

Indeed, utilizing Lemma 17 and the convexity of , we obtain from (17), (48), and (51) that

Therefore,

Since ,  ,   and for some , it follows that

Step  4. .

Indeed, observe that

This together with implies that and hence . By firm nonexpansiveness of , we have

that is,

Moreover, using the argument technique similar to the above one, we derive

that is,

Utilizing (46), (73), and (75), we have

Thus from (17) and (76) it follows that

which hence implies that

Since ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   and , it follows from the boundedness of , and that

Consequently, it immediately follows that

This together with implies that

Since

it follows that

Step  5. where .

Indeed, since is bounded, there exists a subsequence of such that

Also, since is reflexive and is bounded, without loss of generality we may assume that weakly for some . First, it is clear from Lemma 15 that . Now let us show that . We note that

where is defined as such that in Lemma 4. According to Lemma 15 we obtain . Further, let us show that . As a matter of fact, since and , we deduce that weakly and weakly. Let

where . Then, is maximal monotone and if and only if ; see [40] for more details. Let . Then, we have

and hence

So, we have

On the other hand, from

we have

and, hence,

Therefore, from

we have

Hence, we get

Since is maximal monotone, we have , and, hence, . Thus it is clear that . Therefore, . Consequently, in terms of Proposition 8(i) we obtain from (84) that

Step 6. .

Indeed, from (48) and (51) it follows that

Note that

Utilizing Lemmas 17 and 18, we obtain from (48) and the convexity of

Note that . It follows that . It is clear that

because and . In addition, note also that ,   and is bounded. Hence we get . Therefore, all conditions of Lemma 16 are satisfied. Consequently, we immediately deduce that as . This completes the proof.

Corollary 20. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let and be -inverse strongly monotone for . Let be a -strictly pseudo-contractive mapping such that . For fixed and given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated iteratively by

where for , and the following conditions hold for six sequences and :

(i);(ii) and for all ;(iii) and ;(iv) and ;(v);(vi)  and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Next, utilizing Corollary 20 we give the following improvement and extension of the main result in [18] (i.e., [18, Theorem  3.1]).

Corollary 21. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let and be a nonexpansive mapping such that . For fixed and given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated iteratively by

where the following conditions hold for four sequences and :

(i);(ii) and ;(iii);(iv) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if .

Proof. In Corollary 20, put and . Then, ,   for all , and the iterative scheme (101) is equivalent to

This is is equivalent to (102). Since is a nonexpansive mapping, must be a -strictly pseudo-contractive mapping with . In this case, it is easy to see that conditions (i)–(vi) in Corollary 20 all are satisfied. Therefore, in terms of Corollary 20, we obtain the desired result.

Now, we are in a position to prove the strong convergence of the sequences generated by the relaxed extragradient iterative algorithm (18) with regularization.

Theorem 22. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let and be -inverse strongly monotone for . Let be a -strictly pseudocontractive mapping such that . Let be a -contraction with . For given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated by the relaxed extragradient iterative algorithm (18) with regularization, where for and such that

(i);(ii), and for all ;(iii) and ;(iv) and ;(v) and ;(vi);(vii) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Proof. First, taking into account , without loss of generality we may assume that for some . Repeating the same argument as that in the proof of Theorem 19, we can show that is -averaged for each , where . Further, repeating the same argument as that in the proof of Theorem 19, we can also show that for each integer is -averaged with .

Next we divide the remainder of the proof into several steps.

Step  1. is bounded.

Indeed, take arbitrarily. Then for , and

Utilizing the arguments similar to those of (45) and (46) in the proof of Theorem 19, from (18) we can obtain

For simplicity, we write ,  ,

for each . Then for each . Since is -inverse strongly monotone and for , utilizing the argument similar to that of (48) in the proof of Theorem 19, we can obtain that for all ,

Furthermore, utilizing Proposition 8(i)-(ii) and the argument similar to that of (51) in the proof of Theorem 19, from (105) we obtain

Hence it follows from (105), (108), and (109) that

Since for all , utilizing Lemma 17 we obtain from (110)

Repeating the same argument as that of (54) in the proof of Theorem 19, by induction we can prove that

Thus, is bounded. Since and are Lipschitz continuous, it is easy to see that , and are bounded, where for all .

Step  2. .

Indeed, define for all . Then, utilizing the arguments similar to those of (58)–(61) in the proof of Theorem 19, we can obtain that

(due to Lemma 17)

So, we have

This together with (114) implies that

Hence it follows from (113), and (117) that

Since , and are bounded, it follows from conditions (i), (iii), (iv), (vi), and (vii) that

Hence by Lemma 14 we get . Thus,

Step  3. ,  , and , where .

Indeed, utilizing Lemma 17 and the convexity of , we obtain from (18) and (106)–(109) that

Therefore,

Since , and , it follows that

Step  4. .

Indeed, observe that

This together with implies that and hence . Utilizing the arguments similar to those of (73) and (75) in the proof of Theorem 19 we can prove that

Utilizing (106), (109), (125), we have

Thus from (18) and (126) it follows that

which hence implies that

Since ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   and , it follows from the boundedness of , and that

Consequently, it immediately follows that

Also, note that

This together with implies that

Since

it follows that

Step  5. where .

Indeed, since is bounded, there exists a subsequence of such that

Also, since is reflexive and is bounded, without loss of generality we may assume that weakly for some . Taking into account that and as , we deduce that weakly and weakly.

First, it is clear from Lemma 15 and that . Now let us show that . Note that

where is defined as that in Lemma 4. According to Lemma 15 we get . Further, let us show that . As a matter of fact, define

where . Then, is maximal monotone and if and only if ; see [40] for more details. Let . Then, we have

Observe that

Utilizing the arguments similar to those of Step  5 in the proof of Theorem 19 we can prove that

Since is maximal monotone, we have , and, hence, . Thus it is clear that . Therefore, . Consequently, in terms of Proposition 8 (i) we obtain from (135) that

Step  6. .

Indeed, observe that

Utilizing Lemmas 17 and 18, we obtain from (106)–(109) and the convexity of that

Note that . It follows that . It is clear that

because and . In addition, note also that and is bounded. Hence we get . Therefore, all conditions of Lemma 16 are satisfied. Consequently, we immediately deduce that as . In the meantime, taking into account that and as , we infer that

This completes the proof.

Corollary 23. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let and let be -inverse strongly monotone for . Let be a -strictly pseudocontractive mapping such that . For fixed and given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated iteratively by

where for and , such that

(i);(ii), and for all ;(iii) and ;(iv) and ;(v) and ;(vi);(vii) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Corollary 24. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let and let be -inverse strongly monotone for . Let be a nonexpansive mapping such that . Let be a -contraction with . For given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated iteratively by

where for and , such that

(i);(ii), and for all ;(iii) and ;(iv) and ;(v) and ;(vi);(vii) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if . Furthermore, is a solution of the GSVI (14), where .

Next, utilizing Corollary 23 one gives the following improvement and extension of the main result in [18] (i.e., [18, Theorem  3.1]).

Corollary 25. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let and let be a nonexpansive mapping such that . For fixed and given arbitrarily, let the sequences be generated iteratively by

where and such that

(i);(ii) for all ;(iii) and ;(iv) and ;(v);(vi) and .

Then the sequences converge strongly to the same point if and only if .

Proof. In Corollary 23, put and . Then, , , and the iterative scheme (146) is equivalent to

This is equivalent to (148). Since is a nonexpansive mapping, must be a -strictly pseudocontractive mapping with . In this case, it is easy to see that conditions (i)–(vii) in Corollary 23 all are satisfied. Therefore, in terms of Corollary 23, we obtain the desired result.

Remark 26. Our Theorems 19 and 22 improve, extend, and develop [6, Theorem  5.7], [18, Theorem  3.1], and [33, Theorem  3.1] in the following aspects.

(i)Because both [6, Theorem  5.7] and [18, Theorem  3.1] are weak convergence results for solving the SFP, beyond question, our Theorems 19 and 22 as strong convergence results are very interesting and quite valuable.(ii)The problem of finding an element of in our Theorems 19 and 22 is more general than the corresponding problems in [6, Theorem  5.7] and [18, Theorem  3.1], respectively.(iii)The relaxed extragradient iterative method for finding an element of in [33, Theorem  3.1] is extended to develop the relaxed extragradient method with regularization for finding an element of in our Theorem 19.(iv)The proof of our Theorems 19 and 22 is very different from that of [33, Theorem  3.1] because our argument technique depends on Lemma 16, the restriction on the regularization parameter sequence , and the properties of the averaged mappings to a great extent.(v)Because our iterative schemes (17) and (18) involve a contractive self-mapping , a -strictly pseudo-contractive self-mapping , and several parameter sequences, they are more flexible and more subtle than the corresponding ones in [6, Theorem  5.7] and [18, Theorem  3.1], respectively.

Acknowledgment

The work of L. C. Ceng was partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (11071169), Ph. D. Program Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20123127110002). The work of J. C. Yao was partially supported by the Grant NSC 99-2115-M-037-002-MY3 of Taiwan. For A. Petruşsel, this work was possible with the nancial support of a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0094.

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