Abstract and Applied Analysis

Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 319585, 8 pages

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/319585

Research Article

On Regularity Criteria for the Two-Dimensional Generalized Liquid Crystal Model

Yanan Wang and Zaihong Jiang

Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004, China

Received 5 May 2014; Revised 27 June 2014; Accepted 1 July 2014; Published 15 July 2014

Academic Editor: Yongli Song

Copyright © 2014 Yanan Wang and Zaihong Jiang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

We establish the regularity criteria for the two-dimensional generalized liquid crystal model. It turns out that the global existence results satisfy our regularity criteria naturally.

1. Introduction

In this paper we consider the following two-dimensional (2D) liquid crystal model:

where represents the velocity field, is a vectorial field modeling the orientation of the crystal molecules, and is the scalar pressure, while , are two real parameters. and the operator is defined by , and here denotes the Fourier transform of . We identify the cases or as the 2D generalized liquid crystal model with zero velocity diffusion or zero orientation diffusion, respectively.

We say our system is a generalized form of liquid crystal model. When , , the system is a simplified version of the Ericksen-Leslie system modeling the hydrodynamics of nematic liquid crystals which was developed during the period of 1958 through 1968 [1–3]. We notice that if , , then the system (1)–(4) becomes the Navier-Stokes equations. In this sense, the study of the system (1)–(4) can be valuable and interesting in both mathematical sense and physical sense.

The existence and uniqueness of the weak and smooth solutions for system (1)–(4) are given in [4–6] when . Local existence of classical solutions for the nematic liquid crystal flows was established in [7].

Now, we mention some known results about regularity theory for the system. In 2010, Zhou and Fan established a regularity criterion for it as with , in [8]. Later, some regularity criteria are proved for the system with zero dissipation in [9]. In [10], Fan et al. established a global regularity for this system with mixed partial viscosity. Recently, in [11, 12], it is proved that smooth solutions are global in the following three cases: , ; , ; , . Moreover, global strong solution to the density-dependent 2D liquid crystal flows was studied in [13].

This paper is devoted to obtain some regularity criteria for the generalized system (1)–(4). Our main results are the following Theorems.

In our Theorems we set , . The first one is for large and .

Theorem 1. Let . Suppose and is a local smooth solution of the 2D generalized liquid crystal model (1)–(4). If , satisfy

or

or

then is a regular solution in . Here , .

If in addition, , , satisfies

then is a regular solution in , where , .

The following theorems are established for the cases or small.

Theorem 2. Let , or , . Suppose and is a local smooth solution of the 2D generalized liquid crystal model (1)–(4). If , satisfy

then the solution remains smooth on . Here , , , , .

Theorem 3. Let , or , . Suppose and is a local smooth solution of the 2D generalized liquid crystal model (1)–(4). If , satisfy

or

respectively, then the solution remains smooth on .

Remark 4. The results in this paper are motivated by the recent works on 2D incompressible generalized MHD equations (refer [14] for details). It turns out that our regularity criteria imply previous global existence results naturally. If , or , it is proved in [12] , , the regularity criteria in Theorem 2 are satisfied naturally. If , , one can prove ,  , , (refer [11] for details); the regularity criteria (10) in Theorem 3 are satisfied naturally.

2. Proof of Theorem 1

In this section, we are devoted to prove our main Theorem 1. Under the assumption in Theorem 1, if and , we can deduce and . So we only have to give the regularity criteria to guarantee the estimation for .

Proof. Firstly, we give the following priori estimates.

Multiplying (2) by , integrating over , after integrating by parts, and using the following property,

we obtain

for any . Applying Gronwall’s inequality, we deduce that

Multiplying (1) and (2) by and , respectively, integrating over , and adding the resulting equations together, we obtain

where , . Here we have used the following Galiardo-Nirenberg inequality:

in the above inequality

Applying Gronwall’s inequality and (14), we obtain

Now, we are ready to give the estimation for . Multiplying (1) by , applying to (2), and testing it by , then by using (14), (18), we have

Here we used (16) and the following Galiardo-Nirenberg inequality:

Thanks to Gronwall’s inequality and (5), we deduce

If , we have

Here we have used

In the above estimation we have used (16), (20), and the following Galiardo-Nirenberg inequality:

Using the condition (6) we get the estimation (21).

If , we have

Here we have used

Here and in the following we use the embeddings for and , and the commutator estimate given in [15]

usually. Thanks to condition (7) we have the estimation (21).

If in addition, , , use (16),

where

We have

Thanks to condition (8) we have the estimation (21). Now we complete the estimation.

Since in 2D, if , then we can deduce that .

Applying to (1) and testing by , applying to (1), and testing by , after suitable integration by parts we obtain

If , , we estimate the right hand side of (31) one by one:

here we used the following Galiardo-Nirenberg inequalities:

Using (14), (16), (20), (21), and the following Galiardo-Nirenberg inequality,

we have

Finally, putting the above results together, we deduce that

By using Gronwall’s inequality and (21), we obtain

The proof of Theorem 1 is finished.

3. Proof of Theorem 2

Now, we give the proof of Theorem 2.

Proof. This section focuses on the case with , or , . Since we cannot estimate (37) as that in Theorem 1, so we should give the estimation of which is defined in Section 2. Using (16), we have

where and . We use the same way to estimate and .

The same as that in Section 2, we have

Finally, putting the above results together, we have

Using Gronwall’s inequality and (9) we can deduce (37).

The proof is finished.

4. Proof of Theorem 3

Proof. For , , firstly we give the estimation for :

Then by using Gronwall’s inequality and (10) we obtain (21).

Now, we give the estimation for . We should give the estimation of which is defined in Section 2:

The same as that in Section 2, we have

Putting the above results together, we deduce

Applying Gronwall’s inequality and (10) we obtain (37).

For , , firstly we give the estimation for :

and the estimation for :

The regularity criteria (11) can guarantee estimations (18) and (21).

Now, we give the estimation of which is defined in Section 2:

Using the following Galiardo-Nirenberg inequality,

where

we can deduce

Finally, putting the above results together, we deduce

By using Gronwall’s inequality and (11) we obtain (37). Now we complete our proof.

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Professor Yong Zhou for patient guidance and helpful discussion. This work is partially supported by NSFC (Grant no. 11101376), NSFC (Grant no. 11226176), and ZJNSF (Grant no. LQ13A010008).

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