Abstract and Applied Analysis

Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 709746, 6 pages

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/709746

Research Article

Global Regularity for the 2D Micropolar Fluid Flows with Mixed Partial Dissipation and Angular Viscosity

Zujin Zhang

School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China

Received 25 February 2014; Revised 12 April 2014; Accepted 5 May 2014; Published 12 May 2014

Academic Editor: Maurizio Grasselli

Copyright © 2014 Zujin Zhang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

This paper establishes the global existence and uniqueness of classical solutions to the 2D micropolar fluid flows with mixed partial dissipation and angular viscosity.

1. Introduction

In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy problem for the viscous incompressible micropolar fluid flows. In three-dimensional case it can be expressed as

Here, is the divergence-free fluid velocity field, is a scalar pressure, is the microrotation field (angular velocity of the rotation of the particles of the fluid), and the constant is the Newtonian kinetic viscosity, is the dynamics microrotation viscosity, and are the angular viscosities (see, e.g., [1, 2]).

The micropolar fluid equations (1) enable us to consider some physical phenomena that cannot be treated by the classical Navier-Stokes equations ( in (1)), such as the motion of animal blood, liquid crystals, and dilute aqueous polymer solutions. Physically, (1)₁ represents the conservation of linear momentum, (1)₂ reflects the conservation of angular momentum, and (1)₃ is the incompressibility of the fluid, specifying the conservation of mass.

Besides their physical applications, the micropolar fluid equations (1) are also mathematically important. The existence of weak and strong solutions was established by Galdi and Rionero [3] and Yamaguchi [4], respectively.

In this paper, we study the global regularity problem of the D micropolar fluid equations. Assuming that the velocity component in the -direction is zero and the axes of rotation of particles are parallel to the -axis, that is,

we obtain by gathering (2) into (1)

where is a vector and is a scalar. Here and in what follows, we use the notations

The global regularity of (3) with full viscosity has been established by Łukaszewicz [2] (see also [5] for more explicit result). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the global regularity of the D micropolar fluid flows with mixed partial dissipation and angular viscosity. To be precise, we will consider the following system:

Our study is partially motivated by the global well-posedness of the D MHD equations with partial viscosities (see [6, 7], for instance), that of the D Boussinesq equations with partial viscosity (see, e.g., [8, 9]), and that of the D micropolar fluid equations with zero angular viscosity [10].

The main result of this paper now reads.

Theorem 1. Suppose , , with . Then (5) with initial data possesses a unique global classical solution . In addition, for any , satisfies

where is the vorticity.

Remark 2. Using the same method in this paper, we may also establish the global regularity for the following system:

The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we recall an elementary lemma from [7]. Section 3 is devoted to establishing the a priori bounds for and , while the bounds for and are provided in Section 4. With the a priori estimates in Sections 3 and 4, we may conclude the proof of Theorem 1 as in [7]. Throughout this paper, the -norm of a function is denoted by .

2. An Elementary Lemma

We recall in this section the following elementary lemma from [7].

Lemma 3. Assume that , , , , and all belong to . Then,

Proof. We provide a proof of (8) simpler than that of [7].

Applying Hölder inequality,

Thus,

Consequently,

3. A Priori Bounds for and

In this section, we establish the a priori bounds for and . First, we have the following energy estimates.

Proposition 4. Assume solves (5) on . Then,

Here is a constant depending only on , , , and .

Proof. Taking the inner product of (5)₁ with and (5)₂ with in , respectively, we deduce

where we use the following facts (the first one being well-known in the mathematical theory of fluid dynamics, and its proof is provided in the appendix):

Now, can be dominated as

Substituting (15) into (13), we obtain (12) by invoking Gronwall inequality.

Remark 5. Due to the partial dissipation and angular viscosity, we are not able to establish the uniform boundedness of on but rather the exponential growth:

Now, we are in a position to derive the bounds for and .

Proposition 6. Assume as in Proposition 4. Then the vorticity and satisfy

Proof. Taking the curl of (5)₁, we find

Then, taking the inner product of (18) with and (5)₂ with in , respectively, we obtain

Applying Gronwall inequality, we may complete the proof of Proposition 6.

4. A Priori Bounds for and

This section is devoted to deriving the a priori bounds for and .

Proposition 7. Assume as in Proposition 6. Then,

Here is a constant depending only on , , , and .

Proof. Taking the inner product of (18) with and (5)₂ with in , respectively, we find

Gathering the above equations together, noticing that

we see

Expanding the right-hand side of (23) gives

For , applying Hölder inequality yields

For , integrating by parts gives

For , we apply Lemma 3 to deduce

Similarly, we have

Now, for , , we use Lemma 3 and Young inequality to see

Gathering (25)–(30) into (24) yields

According to Proposition 6, we may invoke Gronwall inequality to deduce (20).

Appendix

In this appendix, we provide the proof of (14) for reader’s convenience.

Lemma A.1. Let be divergence-free; that is, . Then

Proof. Integration by parts formula gives

Noticing that , we have

Consequently, we have

as desired.

Conflict of Interests

The author declares that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Acknowledgments

Zujin Zhang was partially supported by the Youth Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20132BAB211007) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11326138).

References

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