International Journal of Engineering MathematicsVolume 2013 (2013), Article ID 612472, 4 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/612472

Research Article

Basicity of Systems of Sines with Linear Phase in Weighted Sobolev Spaces

V. F. Salmanov¹ and A. R. Safarova²

¹Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of NAS of Azerbaijan, B. Vahabzade 9, 1141 Baku, Azerbaijan²Nakhchivan State University, University Campus, 7012 Nakhchivan City, Azerbaijan

Received 6 February 2013; Revised 24 April 2013; Accepted 24 April 2013

Academic Editor: Giuseppe Carbone

Copyright © 2013 V. F. Salmanov and A. R. Safarova. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

The perturbed systems of sines, which appear when solving some partial differential equations by the Fourier method, are considered in this paper. Basis properties of these systems in weighted Sobolev spaces of functions are studied.

1. Introduction

When solving many problems in mathematical physics by Fourier method (see e.g., [1–4]), there appear perturbed systems of sines and cosines of the following form: where , are real parameters. Using Fourier method requires the study of basis properties of the above systems in Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces of functions. Relevant investigations date back to the well-known works by Paley and Wiener [5] and Levinson [6]. For , basis properties of these systems in spaces , , are completely studied in [7–12]. The case of weighted was considered by E. I. Moiseev in [13, 14]. Basis properties of some perturbed systems of exponents in Sobolev spaces are studied in [15–19]. Further references include [20–23].

Our paper is devoted to the study of basis properties of these systems in weighted Sobolev spaces. Unlike previous works, we offer a different method of investigation.

2. Auxiliary Facts

Let and be weighted Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces with the following norms: where , , . Denote by the following direct sum: where is a complex plane. The norm in this space is defined as follows: , where . The following easily provable lemmas play an important role in obtaining our main result.

Lemma 1. Let . Then the operator performs an isomorphism between the spaces and ; that is, the spaces and are isomorphic.

Proof. First we show the boundedness of this operator. We have the following: Applying Hlder's inequality, we obtain the following: Consequently, where . Let us show that . Let ; that is, where , . Differentiating this equation, we obtain a.e. on .It follows that . From (9) it directly follows that a.e. on and this implies that .Show that . Let be an arbitrary function. Assume . It is clear that and . Then by Banach theorem we find that the operator has a bounded inverse. This proves Lemma 1.

Now let us prove the following lemma.

Lemma 2. Let and . Then for all , where .

Proof. Let ,  . We have the following: As and , then . Similarly, we find that and . It is easy to see that and, moreover, This proves the lemma.

From results of the paper [24] it follows the validity of the following lemma.

Lemma 3. Let , , , and in . Then the series converges absolutely.

3. Main Result

Theorem 4. Let , . Then system (2) forms a basis for if and only if system (1) forms a basis for , where , .

Proof. First let us assume that the system forms a basis for . Show that the system forms a basis for , where , , for . It suffices to show that every element of space can be expanded in a unique way as a series of the following: that is, Since system (1) forms a basis for , we have expansion (14), and the coefficients are determined uniquely. By Lemma 3, the series converges absolutely. Then, it is clear that the number in (15) is determined uniquely. And this implies that the system forms a basis for .Consider the system , where , , and . By Lemma 1, the operator is an isomorphism in . Then the system forms a basis for . It is easy to see that Now we prove the converse. Assume that the system forms a basis for .Consider the system . The inverse operator is defined as . It is absolutely clear that the system forms a basis for and Consequently, has a unique expansion of the form (14), (15) in . As a result, we obtain that for all has an expansion with respect to system (1) in . Suppose there exists another expansion of in : Then Lemma 3 implies the absolute convergence of series .Assume . It is clear that the biorthogonal coefficients of the element are , where .Then, from basicity of system in , we obtain that , for all  . So we came upon a contradiction which proves the theorem.

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