THE MALE GENITALIA OF BLATTARIA. VIII. PANCHLORA, ANCHOBLATTA, BIOLLEYA, PELLOBLA TTA, AND A CHROBLA TTA. (BLABERIDAE: PANCHLORINAE).

three blaberid genera, Panchlora Burmeister, A chroblatta Saussure, and Capucina Saussure, in the Panchlorinae. Princis (I96O) Panchlora, P’hortioecoides Rehn, and Proscratea Burmeister under the Panchloridae. My studies of male genitalia of Blaberidae shown Capucina and Phortioecoides are members of the Zetoborinae (Roth The genitalia of Proscratea differ markedly from those of genera I believe should be placed in the Panchlorinae and not .consider it in this paper. The male genitalia of species of Panchlora, Zlchroblatta, A ncho-blatta Shelford, Biolleya Saussure, and Pelloblatta Rehn and I place these five genera in the Panchlorinae. the male genitalia of an undescribed species of Pelloblatta lost in preparation, their Pelloblatta the

I consider Princis' Brachycolinae to be a tribe in the Blaberinae (Roth,I97ob). dnchoblatta signifera (Scudder) wa,s originally placed in Panchlora, but Kirby assigned it to Achroblatta. Princis (I963) listed d nchoblatta signifera with a query under Achroblatta, but CJurney (personal communication) regards it to. be an A nchoblatt, a.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The genitalia were treated with lO% KOH and mounted in Permount. Considerable care must be taken with these specimens because they are so. lightly sclerotized and small that they can be readily 296 Fig. 1. (978 L). Male genitalia (dorsal view) of Panchlora eosseleri Shelford. Usambara-Berg, Tanganyika  Group 2 (Panchlora stanleyana). L2d is absent; L, L2vm, and R2 are present (Figs. 5-7).
Groups and 2 are Arican and 3 to. 5 are ound in Central and/ or South America.
In Groups 4 and 5 it is quite possible that L2vm was so. lightly sclerotized and L so small, and poorly defined, that they were lost in preparation o the genitalia.
The male phallomeres L2vm o Achroblatta (Figs. (Roth,I969). When the female is in the proper position above the male he extends the genital hook (R2) and seems to use this .structure to, pull down the female's subgenital plate..so that he can insert his genitalia and grasp her genitalia. According to Khalifa (I958) in Blattella germanica (L.), when the female is palpating the male's tergal glands, the male fully extends the hooked phallomere, which is on the left side in this genus (no.t the right as in all Blaberidae) directs it upwards, and inserts it into the female's genital chamber; there it clasps, a sclerite situated in front of the ovipositor. Once a secure hold i.s obtained, the. pair assumes an end-to-end position, with their heads facing in opposite directions, and the hook "... acquires a hold on the. ovipositor." In Periplaneta americana-(L.) the. male "... prior to getting an actual hold on the female pulls do.wn the gynovalvular portion of the seventh ster nite of the female by the tip of its protruded titillator." and then inserts its genitalia into the female's genital pouch. (CJupta, 1947). Zabinski (1933) showed that the titillator, in Blatta orientalis, is used to seize the female in the initial phase o.f copulation. The male apparently cannot mate if the titillator (genital hook or R2 in Blaberidae) is surgically removed (Zabinski, 1933, Roth and Willis, 1'952 ).
The mating behavior of Panchlora differs markedly from the above species. In Panchlora nivea (Roth and Willis, 1958) and P. irrorata Hebard (Willis, 1966) the female does not assume a position above the male prior to. mating, but the. males simply back into the female. Possibly stridulation plays a role in mating behavior of these species (Roth and Hartman,967). The. difference in precopulatory positions may have had some role. in the marked reduction of male genitalic structures, especially the loss of the genital hook. Nothing is known o.f the precopulatory po.sitions of the genera of Achroblatta, A nchoblatta, and Biolleya, and it would be of interest to see if the mating behavior of these genera is similar to that of Panchlora. It should be pointed out that in Gromphadorhina portentosa (Schaum) (Oxyhaloinae) the male also backs into the female to assume the copulatory position (Barth, 1968) but the males of this genus have a well-developed, but relatively short, genital hook (Roth, 1971 The genital hooks (R2) are absent in Panchlora (from Central and/ or South America), A chroblatta, Biolleya, and A nchoblatta.
The mating behavior ot Panchlora differs trom most other Blattar/a, and it is discussed in relation to the lo,ss of the genital hook.
.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank the folio.wing for the loan ot museum specimens: Dr. David Ragge (British Museum), Dr. Ashley Gurney (U. S. Na.tional Museum), Dr. Karl Princis (Lund), Dr. S. L. Tuxen (Copenhagen), and Dr. Frank Fisk. I am grateful to. Mr. Samuel Cohen for taking the photographs.