Journal of Difference Equations

Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 235480, 6 pages

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/235480

Research Article

Rate of Convergence of Modified Baskakov-Durrmeyer Type Operators for Functions of Bounded Variation

Prashantkumar Patel1,2 and Vishnu Narayan Mishra1,3

¹Department of Applied Mathematics & Humanities, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat 395 007, India

²Department of Mathematics, St. Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 009, India

³L. 1627 Awadh Puri Colony Beniganj, Phase-III, Opposite-Industrial Training Institute (ITI), Ayodhya Main Road, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh 224 001, India

Received 19 April 2014; Accepted 11 June 2014; Published 2 July 2014

Academic Editor: Abdelalim A. Elsadany

Copyright © 2014 Prashantkumar Patel and Vishnu Narayan Mishra. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

We study a certain integral modification of well-known Baskakov operators with weight function of beta basis function. We establish rate of convergence for these operators for functions having derivative of bounded variation. Also, we discuss Stancu type generalization of these operators.

1. Introduction

The integral modification of Baskakov operators having weight function of some beta basis function are defined as the following: for , ,

where

being the Dirac delta function.

The operators defined by (1) were introduced by Gupta [1]; these operators are different from the usual Baskakov-Durrmeyer operators. Actually these operators satisfy condition , where and are constants. In [1], the author estimated some direct results in simultaneous approximation for these operators (1). In particular case , the operators (1) reduce to the operators studied in [2, 3].

In recent years a lot of work has been done on such operators. We refer to some of the important papers on the recent development on similar type of operators [4–9]. The rate of convergence for certain Durrmeyer type operators and the generalizations is one of the important areas of research in recent years. In present article, we extend the studies and here we estimate the rate of convergence for functions having derivative of bounded variation.

We denote ; then, in particular, we have

By we denote the class of absolutely continuous functions defined on the interval such that,

(i), .(ii)having a derivative on the interval coinciding a.e. with a function which is of bounded variation on every finite subinterval of .

It can be observed that all function possess for each a representation

2. Rate of Convergence for

Lemma 1 (see [1]). Let the function , , be defined as

Then it is easily verified that, for each , , and , and also the following recurrence relation holds:

From the recurrence relation, it can be easily be verified that for all , we have .

Remark 2. From Lemma 1, using Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, it follows that

Lemma 3. Let and be the kernel defined in (1). Then for being sufficiently large, one has

 (a).  (b).

Proof. First we prove (a); by using Lemma 1, we have

The proof of (b) is similar; we omit the details.

Theorem 4. Let , , and . Then for being sufficiently large, we have

where the auxiliary function is given by

denotes the total variation of on .

Proof. By the application of mean value theorem, we have

Also, using the identity

where

we can see that

Also,

Substitute value of from (12) in (11) and using (14) and (15), we get

Using Lemma 1 and Remark 2, we obtain

On applying Lemma 3 with and integrating by parts, we have

where .

On the other hand, we have

Applying Holder’s inequality, Remark 2, and Lemma 1, we have

Also,

Combining the estimates (17)–(21), we get the desired results.

This completes the proof of Theorem.

3. Rate of Convergence for Stancu Type Generalization of

In 1968, Stancu introduces Bernstein-Stancu operators in [10], a sequence of the linear positive operators depending on two parameters and satisfying the condition . Recently many researchers applied this approach to many operators; for details see [11–17]. For , Stancu generalization of operators (1) is as follows:

where , and are as defined in (1).

Lemma 5 (see [18]). If we define the central moments, for every as

then , , and

For we have the following recurrence relation:

From the recurrence relation, it can be easily verified that for all , we have .

Remark 6. Observe that preserve constant functions but not linear functions. If these operators reduce to the operators defined in (1). Notice that

Remark 7. From Lemma 3, taking to be sufficiently large and , we observe that

where is positive constant.

Remark 8. Applying the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and keeping the same condition as in Remark 7 for , , and , we derive from Lemma 5 that

Lemma 9. Let and be the kernel defined in (1). Then for being sufficiently large, we have

(c). (d).

The proof is the same as Lemma 3, thus we omit the details.

Theorem 10. Let , , and . Then for being sufficiently large, we have

where the auxiliary functions and were defined in Theorem 4.

The proof of the above theorem follows along the lines of Theorem 4; thus we omit the details.

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the anonymous referee for making valuable comments leading to the better presentation of the paper. Special thanks are due to Professor Dr. Abdelalim A. Elsadany, Editor of Journal of Difference Equations, for kind cooperation and smooth behavior during communication and for his efforts to send the reports of the paper timely.

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V. N. Mishra and P. Patel, “On simultaneous approximation for generalized integral type Baskakov operator,” Baskakov Operator. Submitted for publication