On Fuzzy Fractional Laplace Transformation

1 Department of Mathematics, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 969, Oromiyeh, Iran 2Department of Physics, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 969, Oromiyeh, Iran 3Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Çankaya University, 06530 Ankara, Turkey 5 Institute of Space Sciences, P.O. Box, MG-23, 76900 Magurele-Bucharest, Romania


Introduction
Fractional calculus is the generalization of the standard calculus.That involves the derivative of functions to arbitrary orders.But the fractional derivatives are nonlocal so they provided the mathematical models to non-Markov processes and memory processes.Fractional calculus has found many applications in science, engineering, and so forth [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].Fractional dynamics has been introduced and it can be one of the models for the nonconservative systems.Fractional Newtonian with the memory is modeled by heterogeneous liquid [10].Recently, fractional local derivative has been studied and generalized so that it can be applied on fractals [16].Local fractional calculus and application in science and engineering have been suggested on Cantor sets [17,18].The uncertainty is important subject in measurement of quantities in physics.Fuzzy number can be used to show the uncertainty in measurement.Fuzzy sets have been introduced by Lotfi Zadeh in 1965 and since then they have been used in many applications [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].As a consequence, there is vast literature on the practical applications of fuzzy sets, while theory has a more modest coverage.Fuzzy fractional heat and wave equation has been solved by using homotopy analysis transform method [27].This paper adopted fuzzy Laplace transforms method to solve problems of fuzzy fractional differential equations.Our motivation in this paper is due to two reasons.Firstly, one of the important and interesting transforms in the problems of fuzzy equations is Laplace transforms.The fuzzy Laplace transform method solves fuzzy fractional differential equations and fuzzy boundary and initial value problems [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35].Secondly, this method is practically the most important operational method and also has advantage that it solves problems directly without determining a general solution in the first step and developing nonhomogeneous differential equation in the second step.
This paper is arranged in the following manner.
After an introduction to the present work, in Section 2, we recall some basic tools that involve the fractional calculus and the fuzzy numbers.In Section 3, the fuzzy fractional Laplace transformation is discussed.Finally, we present the conclusions in Section 4.

Basic Tools
2.1.Fractional Calculus.Fractional calculus deals with generalizations of integer order derivatives integrals to arbitrary order.In this section we present basic definitions and properties which will be used in the subsequent sections [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The set of all the fuzzy numbers (as given in Definition 1) is denoted by  1 [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].Definition 2. A fuzzy number V is a pair (V, V) of functions V() and V(), 0 ≤  ≤ 1, which satisfy the following requirements: (i) V() is a bounded monotonically increasing, left continuous function on (0, 1] and right continuous at 0; (ii) V() is a bounded monotonically decreasing, left continuous function on (0, 1] and right continuous at 0; A popular fuzzy number is the triangular fuzzy number V = (V  , V  , V  ), where V  denotes the modal value and the real values V  ≥ 0 and V  ≥ 0 represent the left and right fuzziness, respectively.The membership function of a triangular fuzzy number is defined as follows: Its parametric form is Triangular fuzzy numbers are fuzzy numbers in  representation, where the reference functions  and  are linear.

Fuzzy Fractional Laplace Transformation
Initial value problems are considered in fractional differential equations and solved by analytical and numerical methods [12].In recent works, dynamical processes are considered the randomness and uncertainty.Stochastic and fuzzy differential equations are mathematical model for such dynamical processes, respectively.Suppose  ∈ (0, 1],  > 0 and  is fuzzy real number [24].Then, the fractional fuzzy differential is where [0, ] ×  →  is continuous in the case of [0, ] ×  →  and  0 ∈  so (4) reduces to a fractional differential equation.And if one chooses  = 1 in (4), we have a fuzzy differential equation.

Fractional Differential Equations with Uncertainty.
Let us consider the fractional equation with fuzzy condition; that is, where  : [0, ] ×  →  is continuous [24].For example, if  > 0 and (, ) =  + (, ) with  : [0, ] ×  →  which is continuous, then the solution for ( 5) is where As a pursuit of fractional fuzzy differential in the following section we generalized fuzzy Laplace transformation method to fractional fuzzy Laplace method.Now, we solve illustrated examples in the subsequence sections.
Example 3. Consider the following fuzzy fractional eigenvalue differential equations as where  RL is the number of fuzzy triangular which is called fuzzy Riemann-Liouville initial condition.Then, the above equation is extended based on its lower and upper functions as follows: Advances in Mathematical Physics 3 Now, we solve these equations according to the two following cases, using the generalized fractional fuzzy Laplace transform (FFLT).The equation with lower functions is and with upper functions is Now, we use the FFLT for solving (9): After using Laplace transform on (12), we get Thus, we have Taking the fuzzy inverse Laplace transform we obtain In a similar manner we are led to Therefore, the general solution will be  = ( (, ) ,  (, )) .
In Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 we have plotted the solutions for the case of fractional, fractional fuzzy, and fuzzy, respectively.
In Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 we have sketched the solutions for the case of fractional, fractional fuzzy, and fuzzy, respectively.Applying Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform on (27) one is led to Therefore, the general solution will be as follows: = ( (, ) ,  (, )) .
Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12 show the graphs of the solutions for the cases of fractional, Fuzzy fractional, and fuzzy, respectively.Example 6. Suppose the following fuzzy fractional differential equation with fuzzy initial Riemann-Liouville condition: Using the same manner we get the solutions Finally, we obtain general solution  = ( (, ) ,  (, )) .Equation (34) will be system of two equations such as The solutions for (34)   And the general solution will be as  = ( (, ) ,  (, )) .
(37) Figures 17,18,19, and 20 present the graphs of the solutions for the cases of fractional, fuzzy fractional, and fuzzy, respectively.

Conclusion
In this work, we have generalized the fractional Laplace transformation to the fuzzy fractional Laplace transformation.Then, we have solved the fractional fuzzy differential equation using suggested fuzzy fractional Laplace transformation.Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives were used in the fractional fuzzy differential equations.Moreover, Liouville and Caputo fractional initial condition is chosen in the example to show the difference.The illustrated graphs present the difference between fuzzy, fractional, and ordinary differential equations.