An efficient and effective management is mandatory for the success of every organization, especially educational institutes. Following the course curriculum and completing it in time are beneficial for the students and the colleges’ reputation in educational institutes. In this paper, intelligent management of physical education curriculum is designed using a Web-based teaching assistant system. The multilayer designed system provides convenience for teachers and students of health and physical education. The data layer collects input data from users and transmits it to the storage layer after being compiled by the decoder. The layer uses memory to save the transmitted data and integrate the saved data into the expansion chip and transmit it to the transmission layer. The Web server at this layer outputs the transmitted data in the form of an HTML structure file through a CGI program and feeds back the output to the browser of the application layer. The man-machine interaction interface of the application layer uses a large-scale hierarchical information visualization method to show data on the browser to users. The experimental results show that the system has comprehensive functions, fast processing speed, and low energy consumption. It has a good page display effect, which is in line with the user’s visual cognition; the recall rate of curriculum scheduling data and curriculum selection data is always higher than 96%, and the data analysis ability is excellent.
In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on students’ physical and mental health in colleges and universities, people pay more and more attention to physical education in teaching. Recent researches show that the learning ability of students in a class is uneven and different from others. As a result, in traditional teaching, it is difficult for physical education teachers to take care of the acceptance ability of all students in the centralized classroom teaching. They are often unable to carry out comprehensive teaching according to students’ ability, which greatly increases teachers’ workload. Besides, the poor communication between students and teachers increases teachers’ burden and affects the efficiency of problem-solving. It also makes it difficult to guarantee the learning effect of students, which has a direct impact on the improvement of students’ ability and the accumulation of sports knowledge [
With the rapid increase and widespread applications of computers, multimedia, communication, Web, Internet, and educational technology have entered a new era. Traditional blackboards, tape recorders, slides, and other conventional teaching modes are enhanced by developing multimedia teaching. It is based on computer and network technology, making a qualitative leap in learning methods and educational design [
The design of the teaching assistant system of physical education curriculum is a key research topic, which has attracted many relevant experts and scholars. Yi et al. introduced augmented reality into physical education teaching that improved students’ interest in learning by combining a real and three-dimensional virtual model [
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In Section
In this section, we provide details about the subsection of the proposed system.
The design goal of this system is to establish an interactive communication platform for teachers and students, so that teachers can accurately grasp the learning situation of students, so as to improve teaching methods and teaching quality. In the design of the system, the main problem to be solved is how to use the actual teaching workflow to design an intelligent computer program and use the powerful data processing ability of the computer and the flexible and convenient characteristics of the computer network to improve the teaching efficiency [
System functional architecture.
The subsystem comprises three layers: client, Web server, and teaching resource database server, which jointly realize the online teaching and learning of teachers and students. Its structure is shown in Figure
Architecture of online learning subsystem.
The subsystem comprises a client, WEB server, and score database server, which can meet the needs of teachers and students’ score query. Its structure is shown in Figure
The architecture of the score query subsystem.
The communication subsystem can help students get the information they need. It is also a meaningful way to strengthen the communication between teachers and students, and between students and students. Online communication can be divided into two ways: instant discussion and noninstant discussion. Instant discussion requires teachers and students to be online at the same time. This way they can timely discuss problems and get answers. It is an efficient way of learning and communication, but it has certain limitations in time and personnel. The noninstant discussion does not require teachers and students to be online simultaneously. Students and teachers can communicate through SMS, online Q&A, exchange discussion, and other forms of communication. Although this way is not instant discussion fast, but, not limited by time and personnel, it is very convenient to use [
The subsystem can provide students with the online testing function of curriculum theoretical knowledge. In order to make teachers know students’ mastery of the knowledge in time, teachers can set examination questions for students to answer according to the knowledge content of the curriculum. After the students complete the test and submit the test paper successfully, the test paper will be saved in the test papers to be evaluated. After logging into the teaching assistant system of the physical education curriculum, the teachers can view and correct the test paper submitted by the students. After correcting, the students can log into the system to see their total score of the test paper and the detailed information of the test paper, i.e., the score of each paper, correct answers, and the teacher’s comments. Through this online test, students can be prompted to consolidate and review to deepen their understanding of knowledge and improve their learning efficiency.
In order to apply WEB technology to the teaching assistant system of physical education curriculum and make it play the most influential role, it should have a stable and reliable hardware structure. The details are described in Figure
Overall structure of system hardware.
The design and implementation methods are elaborated in this section.
CGI application architecture.
CGI implementation in a multitasking environment is mainly accomplished by HTTPD (such as Apache, uClinux httpd). HTTPD first accepts the HTTP request from the WEB server’s analysis and then fork () processes the request. In the subprocess fork (), the corresponding CGI program will be called according to the URL. Before using subprocess to call CGI program, I/O pipeline and CGI environment for the subprocess to communicate with CGI application program are created, and standard I/O of CGI application program is closed. The newly created I/O pipeline description word is converted to the standard I/O description word. Then the request is sent to the input pipeline of the CGI application program so that CGI can read and write the pipeline as it operates the standard I/O pipeline.
The advantage of the multitasking CGI implementation method is that it has large throughput. It can process multiple requests in parallel and has a small system overhead, and the size of CGI is easy to control.
Callback CGI function.
The man-machine interface in the overall hardware structure of the system realizes the interaction between the user and the teaching assistant system of physical education through the large-scale hierarchical information visualization method.
Example of Radial Drawing algorithm.
Assume that the radius of the inner circle of the node with v as the center is known; assuming that the radius growth of the concentric circle is a fixed value, that is, the value of is a fixed value. In that case, the angle
The Radial Drawings algorithm is implemented recursively. The symbol of the core step of the algorithm is Input: random tree Output: Radial Drawings layout; Algorithm: if the center of the tree is a node, call algorithm Calculate the position of the node Calculate Otherwise, calculate formula ( For each child node
In the graphics drawn by the algorithm, the equal space characteristic in the ring drawing algorithm is improved so that the space between the concentric circles drawn finally realizes the unequal characteristic. According to the characteristics of the algorithm itself, the unequal spacing characteristics make the algorithm more apparent in the final performance. They can well maintain the user’s cognitive bitmap [
In the improved Radial Drawings algorithm, the nodes in the same depth are still placed on the same ring, but the spacing between rings is no longer equal. It is based on an equal ratio sequence of given points as the variation of ring spacing. Taking the focus ring as the center, the internal and external rings of the focus ring increase and decrease based on the initial radius. The given value of the ring spacing can be calculated during the initial layout, and the proportional value of increase and decrease is limited in the range of [−1, 1] [
The core idea of the algorithm is that the radius of the concentric circle in the initial layout increases with
The above formula is defined as when the scaling ratio is greater than 0. With the focus circle as the center, the change of the radius of the concentric circles on both sides presents a decreasing trend in turn. The change mode is that the radius of the inner concentric circles of the focus circle takes the radius of the focus circle as the reference value and decreases the change of the product of
In formula (
A change is selected to the radius of the focus circle. The change is defined as the radius of the focus circle is
The following formula can give the calculation of the value
Formula (
The modification of formula (
In the above formula, the value of
It can be concluded from formula (
After the algorithm is modified by formula (
Taking 500 junior students and 20 PE teachers of computer major in a university as the experimental objects, the effectiveness and feasibility of the Web-based PE teaching assistant system are verified. The computer hardware test environment is shown in Table
Computer hardware test environment.
Parameter | Details |
---|---|
Graphics card | Intel HD 4000 |
Processor | Intel core i3 2.4 GHz |
Main frequency of processor | 3.20 GHz |
Memory | 8.00 GB |
Memory type | DDR4 |
Hard disk type | WD10EXEX 500G |
Hard disk space | Above 20 GB |
Operating system | Windows 10 |
Browser version | IE6.0 |
The experiment tests the function completion of the online learning subsystem and the online examination subsystem and designs a comparative experiment. The engineering graphics mobile teaching assistant system based on the augmented reality technology (referred to as augmented reality technology system) in reference [
Comparison of subsystem function completion.
Function | The paper system | An augmented reality technology system | Learning behavior analysis system |
---|---|---|---|
Curriculum management | Success | Success | Success |
Account management | Success | Success | Success |
Curriculum selection | Success | Fail | Fail |
Assignment submission | Success | Success | Fail |
Download resources | Success | Fail | Success |
Class management | Success | Success | Fail |
Announcement management | Success | Success | Success |
Question bank management | Success | Success | Success |
Test paper generation | Success | Fail | Fail |
Examination record | Success | Success | Success |
Elective examination | Success | Fail | Fail |
Examination record | Success | Success | Fail |
Subject management | Success | Success | Success |
In order to ensure the preciseness and reliability of the test, the test process needs to be simulated many times. According to Table
The processing speed of the three systems under a different number of users is tested, and the results are described in Figure
Comparison of processing speed results.
The analysis in Figure
The overhead of the three systems under a different number of users is tested, and the results are described in Figure
Comparison of system overhead results.
In this paper, the system’s energy consumption is less than 500 kW/h, and the energy consumption of the system is less than 100 KW/h. However, the energy consumption of augmented reality systems is not affected by the number of users and tends to be stable. Therefore, it can be shown that the proposed system has reduced overhead and better overall performance. Next is the augmented reality system, the learning behavior analysis system has the most significant overhead, and the performance needs to be improved.
The page quality of the three systems under a different number of nodes is tested, and the results are described in Figure
Comparison of page quality results.
From the analysis of Figure
Basketball, football, table tennis, synchronized swimming, and other 10 items are set as the subjects of physical education curriculums to test the influence of the system in this paper on the performance of 5 students, and the results are shown in Table
Comparison of student achievement results.
Subject | Student 1 (unused grades/used grades) | Student 2 (unused grades/used grades) | Student 3 (unused grades/used grades) | Student 4 (unused grades/used grades) | Student 5 (unused grades/used grades) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basketball | 85/93 | 91/96 | 68/93 | 67/90 | 65/94 |
Football | 79/90 | 87/93 | 76/88 | 69/91 | 68/91 |
Table Tennis | 72/91 | 81/90 | 72/90 | 74/95 | 78/92 |
Synchronized swimming | 91/95 | 89/98 | 92/95 | 82/94 | 72/96 |
Badminton | 84/95 | 90/95 | 87/99 | 81/93 | 89/93 |
Aerobics | 78/92 | 70/92 | 83/92 | 90/95 | 81/98 |
Tennis | 80/93 | 69/90 | 80/98 | 88/93 | 87/90 |
Free fight | 90/97 | 88/93 | 84/96 | 89/98 | 88/90 |
Taekwondo | 85/96 | 82/99 | 83/91 | 87/91 | 94/100 |
Taiji boxing | 71/90 | 84/96 | 78/91 | 79/86 | 76/93 |
By analyzing Table
The recall rate of curriculum scheduling data and curriculum selection data in this paper is tested. 10 subjects are represented by numbers 1–10, and the results are described in Figure
Recall ratio of curriculum scheduling data and curriculum selection data.
The analysis of Figure
In the information construction of physical education teaching management, we have used modern education concepts and integrated computer networks and multimedia technology. We designed the proposed system based on integrating the above technologies, achieved a more convenient and efficient system, and improved physical education quality. This paper designs a Web-based teaching assistant system of physical education curriculum. The content that needs to be presented is provided to users through the cooperation of the data layer, storage layer, transmission layer, and application layer. Through the experimental analysis, the system has comprehensive functions, processing speed. Energy consumption can reach a better standard, and the page quality is high. The page effect is in line with the user’s visual cognition. The practical application of the system can significantly improve the work efficiency and teaching quality of physical education teachers. Compared with the tedious and traditional teaching mode, the vividness, diversity, and comprehensiveness of the system significantly affect students’ learning enthusiasm and academic performance. In the future, the system can be further improved to make it widely used in physical education teaching management.
The data and python code for the simulations are available from the corresponding authors upon request.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
The authors acknowledge the exploration and practice of “in and out teaching integration” teaching mode in Universities under the background of Internet plus in Shaanxi Province Education Department of Shaanxi Province (17BY047).