In recent years, attention has been focused on the prevention and treatment of sports injuries. However, no athlete injury prevention system has been established. Athletes’ injury prevention has become an important research field, but it is still used in current sports injury statistics. Traditional calculation methods are difficult to meet the requirements of modern halo. In order to understand the relationship between the athlete’s biorhythm state and the statistical calculation method of sports injury and to reduce the damage caused by sports injury to athletes, we have carried out statistics on various physical parameters of athletes in a certain university in this city through example analysis and creatively introduced the statistical calculation method of the fault tree, and the corresponding results provide a certain research foundation for the subsequent research. The research results in this article prove that formulating a suitable sport mode for athletes can improve their athletic ability by more than 10%, reduce damage to athletes, and extend their professional life. Generally speaking, athletes’ injuries can be reduced by more than 15%. This shows that appropriate injury statistics calculation methods and research on sports injury prevention in advance are extremely important for athletes.
As the main body of competitive sports, the country has invested a lot of mental, human, and financial resources to train an outstanding athlete. Athletes have put their precious youth and effort into good results and have reflected their social value through their competitiveness. [
Biological rhythm is one of the basic characteristics endowed to life by natural evolution. Humans and all living things must be controlled and influenced by biological rhythms. Human biological rhythms refer to physical rhythms, emotional rhythms and intellectual rhythms [
For the statistical calculation methods and analysis of sports injuries, experts at home and abroad have always done many research studies. In foreign countries, sports have emerged earlier, and the research on sports injuries has been more complete. Forsdyke et al. fixed the sensor device on the back of the basketball player’s hand and collected the acceleration and angular velocity data of the player’s hand during the jump shot. The jump shot process is divided into four stages, the shooting posture of each stage is analyzed, and voice feedback is used to remind the athletes to correct the shooting posture. However, the athlete’s jump shot posture is reflected by the motion posture of his arms and legs. This method only analyzes the posture of the hands during the shooting process and lacks consideration of the posture of other parts of the body [
The innovation in this article is to address issues such as athlete modeling and sports strategy choices; regarding the location and type of injury in various sports, the design is based on biological rhythm state theory, theory of multiple intelligence, project reflex theory, and fault tree technology; to describe the theoretical model structure of the state parameters of different athletes; to get a new method for comprehensive evaluation of athletes’ sports injuries; to use the constructed structural equation for comprehensive evaluation to analyze the relative importance of various indicators of athletes; and to conclude with the determination of sports injury factor.
Sports itself has its own unique characteristics: physical activity is used as a means to exercise the body, enhance physical fitness, and promote the overall development of the human body [
It is very important to ensure the standardization and accuracy of basic movements. In order to ensure the standardization of basic movements, a coach must be supervised and guided to provide real-time guidance and advice to athletes [
There are many reasons for sports injuries, such as poor self-protection awareness, insufficient preparation activities, incorrect technical movements, and poor physical condition; external factors include venue facilities, intentional or unintentional fouls by opponents, etc. [
Sports injuries are generally divided into acute and chronic injuries and are discussed. Acute injury refers to immediate damage to body tissue or damage that causes symptoms caused by sudden external forces. The common types of acute injury are divided into the following categories. (1) Sprain: the ligament is torn or damaged due to twisting or overextension [
There are five common chronic sports injuries [
When the body is injured, the reaction of local tissues may cause damage to surrounding tissues. However, the degree of swelling in the injured area will affect the length of time required for recovery [
First, the common injury sites and types of athletes will be different due to the sports characteristics of different events; second, most injuries occur during normal training. The main reason is insufficient warm-up activities and poor physical fitness; third, athletes wear protective gear or use sports tapes to prevent sports injuries; fourth, athletes reduce the occurrence of sports injuries through related preventive cognition concepts and emphasize the prevention of sports injuries ideologically and enhance the cognition concepts of sports injury prevention; and fifth, the attitude of athletes after injury is related to injury cognition. The higher the awareness of sports injury, the more positive their attitude will be, and the degree of injury will be minimized.
There are many detection methods for athletes’ injuries, but the traditional detection methods have small detection targets and the results are not very accurate. For this reason, this paper introduces fault tree analysis to optimize the layout of athletes’ injuries detection [
Fault tree analysis technology integrates mathematical statistics, logical algebra, probability theory, optimization, graph theory, random processes, algorithmic complexity, and other mathematical branching sciences to study complex system problems. Applying fault tree analysis to carry out risk assessment research can realize the identification of risk factors in the system, measure the probability of accidents, and provide solutions for risk control. The fault tree is an inverted tree structure composed of a series of nodes and connections between nodes. Each specific node on the fault tree represents a certain event, and the connection between the nodes represents the relationship between the two events [
In the downlink method, logic OR gates are generally used to increase the number of fault tree cut sets, and logic AND gates are used to increase the capacity of fault tree cut sets. Starting from the analysis of the top event of the fault tree, the upper-level events are converted to the lower-level events in the order of the fault tree from top to bottom [
Schematic diagram of fault tree.
Through the step-by-step analysis of the downward method, the calculation steps are as follows:
This formula can be transformed into
Weight adjustment admission is given by
Variants of nonlinear motion equations are as follows:
The solution of the equation is
In the ascending method, the fault tree is solved in the order from bottom to top. The logic gate symbols of some basic events in the fault tree are replaced with corresponding set operation symbols, and then the event symbols and set operation symbols are used for analysis according to the structure function of the fault tree. Calculate the number set of the fault tree, then use the set operation rules to logically simplify the obtained number set, and finally get the minimum number set of the fault tree [
The upper-level expression based on the event is given by
The next level expression is
For a system fault tree with
If there are repeated basic events in each minimum cut set, then equation (
The focus of the quantitative analysis of the fault tree is to calculate the importance of basic events. In the qualitative analysis of the fault tree of the system, many minimum cut sets can be obtained. At the same time, each minimum cut set is composed of multiple basic events. The probability of the occurrence of basic events leads to different functions of the top event failure, that is, the importance of the basic events of the fault tree is different [
Fault tree process analysis algorithm.
In the system fault tree, the number of normal states of basic events is increased:
It can be transformed into
Its function is to move the sampling signal
The research object of this study is the cognition and prevention of sports injuries of athletes in a sports university team in this city. The subjects of this study are athletes from a sports university team. There are a total of 8 teams in the school team list announced by the Competition Office of the University of Sports. They are basketball, volleyball, football, shuttlecock, track and field, swimming, martial arts, and table tennis.
By actually observing the object, you can draw clear conclusions. In general, a metric system contains three levels of metric that are related to gradual decomposition and improvement. Among them, the first-level evaluation index and the second-level evaluation index are relatively abstract and cannot be used as a direct basis for evaluation. The third-level evaluation indicators should be specific, measurable, and behavior-oriented and can be used as a direct basis for evaluation. We make statistics on these athletes, as shown in Table
Statistics of college athletes.
Number of people | Percentage | |
---|---|---|
Male | 132 | 53.8 |
Female | 113 | 46.2 |
Freshman | 92 | 37.5 |
Sophomore | 62 | 25.3 |
Junior | 59 | 24.1 |
Senior year | 32 | 13.1 |
The index weight is a numerical index indicating the importance and function of the index. In the indicator system of the evaluation plan, the weight of each indicator is different. Even if the indicator level is the same, the weight is different. Index weight is also called weight and is usually represented by
All data analysis in this article uses SPSS19.0, statistical test uses two-sided test, significance is defined as 0.05, and
We conducted statistics on selected athletes related to sports injuries and divided the human body into four parts: head and neck, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Statistics on different parts of the injury are shown in Table
Injury status of athletes.
Number of people | Proportion (%) | |
---|---|---|
Head | 3 | 1.2 |
Neck | 13 | 5.2 |
Chest and abdomen | 1 | 0.4 |
Back | 32 | 12.7 |
Shoulder | 27 | 10.7 |
Elbow | 5 | 2.0 |
Wrist | 30 | 11.9 |
Finger | 10 | 4.0 |
Thigh | 13 | 5.2 |
Knee | 55 | 21.8 |
Calf | 3 | 1.2 |
Achilles tendon | 3 | 1.2 |
Ankle | 47 | 18.7 |
Toe | 10 | 4.0 |
From Table
According to the different parts of the injury, we will make statistics on the injury situation of the athletes in different sports, as shown in Figure
The proportion of different parts of the damage.
It can be clearly seen from Figure
We classify damage according to different types of damage. Sprain refers to the torsion or damage of the ligament due to twisting or overextension; strain refers to abnormal muscle activity or sudden huge contraction, causing muscle fiber to break; and contusion refers to bone or muscle suffering. The impact of external force caused the rupture of blood capillaries and muscle fibers, and the redness and swelling of internal hemorrhage occurred in the injured area. Specific statistics are shown in Table
Percentage of different types of damage.
Type of damage | Number of people | Proportion (%) |
---|---|---|
Sprain | 112 | 44 |
Strain | 77 | 31 |
Dislocation | 2 | 0.8 |
Fracture | 6 | 2 |
Contusion | 41 | 16 |
Bruise | 10 | 4.7 |
Cut wound | 4 | 1.5 |
Puncture wound | 0 | 0 |
As shown in Table
Percentage of damage types.
As shown in Figure
In the survey, it was found that the timing of sports injuries occurred in 67.5% (170 people) in normal practice, 15.5% in prematch practice (43 people), and 17.1% (43 people) in competitions. During the preparation period, due to the increase in exercise intensity, the number of repetitions increases, the requirements for physical fitness and ability during training increase, and the exercise load increases, which can easily cause acute injuries. Therefore, the rate of injury is the highest during this period, as shown in Table
Timing of injury.
Timing of injury | Number of people | Proportion (%) |
---|---|---|
In the game | 43 | 17.1 |
Prematch practice | 39 | 15.5 |
Usual practice | 170 | 67.5 |
Athletes’ training plans should be arranged according to the differences of different individuals. The training course arrangement should fully reflect its diversity, comprehensiveness, pertinence, and gradualness, avoid long-term monotonous and rigorous training methods, and follow the coach’s guidance, step-by-step training courses, and training staging plans to avoid overtraining. At present, the main causes of sports injuries are insufficient preparation activities, accidents, overtraining, etc. We have made statistics on them, as shown in Figure
Main causes of damage.
It can be seen from Figure
We divide athletes into men and women, understand their understanding of sports injuries in recent years, and make statistics on their changes, as shown in Figure
Changes in the understanding of sports injuries in recent years.
As shown in Figure
When the injury occurs, the control of the inflammatory response in the acute phase will affect the speed of recovery. Ice can lower the temperature of the tissues and the tissues produce vasoconstriction, thereby reducing tissue bleeding; it can also slow down cell metabolism, cells are stimulated by low temperature, and oxygen demand will be significantly reduced, which can greatly reduce the metabolism of the injured area. The function of hot compress is to promote metabolism, increase the elasticity and softness of soft tissues, and promote tissue healing. Hot compresses are usually used 72 hours to six weeks after injury to repair soft tissues. Through investigation, we understand the athletes’ handling methods, as shown in Figure
Sports injury treatment.
It can be seen from Figure
Pay attention to the prevention of sports injuries. The occurrence of sports injuries is closely related to the lack of relevant knowledge of coaches and athletes. Athletes lack awareness and understanding of general sports injuries and lack the theoretical knowledge to deal with injuries when they occur. After the injury, the injury is not clarified. The cause of the occurrence is likely to cause the injury to occur again and cause secondary injury to the injured part. In order to improve athletes’ knowledge about injuries, coaches can emphasize the harm caused by sports injuries and pay attention to safety education from daily training, so that athletes can pay attention to the prevention of sports injuries in their ideology and strengthen their concepts of injury prevention. In the training process, combined with actual operating experience, let the athletes be familiar with the methods of dealing with injuries. At the same time, the prevention-oriented training policy should be strengthened to correct athletes’ wrong exercise patterns and wrong postures and train for weak muscle groups, which can reduce the internal factors that cause injuries and achieve the effect of preventing injuries. There are also some shortcomings in the research of this paper. Due to time and funding, the sample selected in this paper is not comprehensive enough, personal considerations are not complete enough, the mastery of measurable variable data is not comprehensive, the measurable variables determined for related latent variables are not comprehensive enough and cannot fully reflect the influencing factors of sports injuries, and the analysis results obtained are not very satisfactory. In the future research process, it is necessary to comprehensively consider and increase the width of the sample and time so that the results of the experiment can be more perfect.
No data were used to support this study.
The author declares that there are no conflicts of interest.