Mathematical Problems in Engineering

Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 169713, 10 pages

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/169713

Research Article

Stability and -Gain Analysis for Positive 2D Systems with State Delays in the Roesser Model

Zhaoxia Duan,¹ Hamid Reza Karimi,² and Zhengrong Xiang¹

¹School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

²Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, 4898 Grimstad, Norway

Received 8 December 2012; Revised 5 January 2013; Accepted 5 January 2013

Academic Editor: Ligang Wu

Copyright © 2013 Zhaoxia Duan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract.

This paper considers the problem of delay-dependent stability and -gain analysis for positive 2D systems with state delays described by the Roesser model. Firstly, the copositive-type Lyapunov function method is used to establish the sufficient conditions for the addressed positive 2D system to be asymptotically stable. Then, -gain performance for the system is also analyzed. All the obtained results are formulated in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which are computationally tractable. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed results.

1. Introduction

2D systems exist in many practical applications, such as circuits analysis, digital image processing, signal filtering, and thermal power engineering [1–4]. Thus the analysis and synthesis of 2D systems are interesting and challenging problems, and they have received considerable attention; for example, 2D state-space realization theory was researched in [5], the stability and 2D optimal control theory was studied in [6, 7], and control and filtering problem for 2D systems were addressed in [8–11]. In addition, linear repetitive processes, a distinct class of 2D systems, have also been investigated. For example, the quasi-sliding mode control problem for linear repetitive processes with unknown input disturbance was solved in [12].

The most popular models of two-dimensional (2D) linear systems were introduced by Roesser [13], Fornasini and Marchesini [5, 14], and Kurek [15]. These models have been extended to positive systems in [16–19]. A positive system means that its state and output are nonnegative whenever the initial condition and input are nonnegative [19–21]. Positive 2D systems are needed in many cases such as the wave equation in fluid dynamics and the heat equation which describes the temperature (using thermodynamic temperature scale) in a given region over time and the Poisson’s equation. These facts stimulate the research on 2D positive discrete systems. Reference [22] investigated the choice of the forms of Lyapunov functions for positive 2D Roesser model. The problem of stability analysis for 2D positive systems has been investigated in [17, 23–25]. It should be noted that although positive 2D systems have been discussed in control engineering and mathematics literature recently, there are still many questions which deserve further investigation.

On the other hand, the reaction of real-world systems to exogenous signals is never instantaneous and, always infected by certain time delays. For general systems, even nominal stable systems when were affected by delays may inherit very complex behaviors such as oscillations, instability, and bad performance [26], and delayed systems have attracted many researchers’ attention [27–32]. The reachability, minimum energy control, and realization problem for positive 2D discrete-time systems with delays has been analyzed in [18, 33]. And the stability analysis for 2D positive delayed systems has been investigated in [34–36]. In addition, perturbations and uncertainties widely exist in the practical systems. In some cases, the perturbations and unmodeled errors can be merged into disturbances, which can be supposed to be bounded in the appropriate norms. It is important and necessary to establish a criterion evaluating the disturbance attenuation performance for the positive 2D discrete-time systems. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no literature considering the disturbance attenuation performance for positive 2D systems, which motivates the present study.

In this paper, we will study the problem of delay-dependent stability and -gain analysis for positive 2D linear systems with delays. The main theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows We use -gain to evaluate the disturbance attenuation performance of positive 2D linear systems. This important performance is firstly considered for positive 2D systems, and a delay-dependent stability criterion of these systems with state delays is developed. Copositive-type Lyapunov function method is firstly used to analyze delay-dependent stability and -gain performance for positive 2D linear systems. It is significant to characterize conditions under which the positive 2D delayed system is asymptotically stable. All the developed results are expressed in terms of feasibility testing of LMIs which is computationally tractable.

The paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, problem statement and some definitions concerning the positive 2D linear systems with delays are given. In Section 3, some theorems concerning the delay-dependent stability and -gain analysis of positive 2D linear systems are presented. In Section 4, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results. Finally, concluding remarks are provided in Section 5.

Notations. In this paper, the superscript “” denotes the transpose. The notation () means that matrix is positive definite (positive semidefinite, resp.). (0) means that all entries of matrix are nonnegative (nonpositive). (0) means that all entries of matrix are positive (negative). denotes the set of real matrices. The set of real matrices with nonnegative entries will be denoted by , denotes the set of vectors with nonnegative entries, and the set of nonnegative integers will be denoted by . The identity matrix will be denoted by . The norm of a 2D signal is given by

And we say , if .

2. Problem Formulation and Preliminaries

Consider the positive 2D Roesser model with state delays [25]:

where and are integers in , is the horizontal state in, is the vertical state in , is the whole state in , is the norm bounded disturbance input, is the controlled output, and , , , , are system matrices with compatible dimensions. The matrices are

and are delays along horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. We assume that and satisfy

where , and , denote the lower and upper delay bounds along horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. The boundary conditions are defined by

where and are positive integers, and are given vectors.

Definition 1. The 2D positive system and with is said to be asymptotically stable if for all bounded boundary conditions (4), where

Definition 2. For , the system and is said to be asymptotically stable with the -gain index , if the following conditions hold.

(1)The system and with is asymptotically stable.(2)Under zero boundary conditions, that is, , in (4), it holds that

Remark 3. From (6), we see that can characterize the disturbance attenuation performance of the system and . The smaller the is, the better the disturbance attenuation performance is.

3. Main Results

3.1. Stability Analysis

In this subsection, we focus on the problem of delay-dependent asymptotically stability analysis for the positive 2D discrete linear systems with state delays.

Theorem 4. For given positive constants , , , , the positive 2D system and with is asymptotically stable if there exist vectors , , , , , such that

where

with , , and represents the th column vector of matrix .

Proof. Choose the following copositive Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional candidate:

where

with , , , , and ,, , , , and , , and .

Along the trajectory of the system and , we have

where

Substitute the previously mentioned formulations into , and take

Then we have

If condition holds, one obtains

It follows that , which means that

Summing up both sides of (16) from to with respect to and from to with respect to , for any nonnegative integer , one gets

Then from (9), we can conclude that

which implies that the system and with is asymptotically stable.

This completes the proof.

When , and , the system and with is reduced to the following system:

where and are constant delays along horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and the boundary conditions are defined in (4). Then we can get the following result.

Corollary 5. For given positive constants and , the positive 2D system (19) is asymptotically stable if there exist vectors and , such that

where

with , , , , and represents the th column vector of matrix .

Proof. Choose the following copositive Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional candidate for the system (19):

where

with , . Then following the proof line of Theorem 4, the corollary can be obtained.

3.2. -Gain Analysis

The following theorem establishes sufficient condition of the asymptotical stability with -gain performance for the system and .

Theorem 6. For given positive constants , , , , and , the positive 2D system and is asymptotically stable with the -gain index if there exist vectors , , , , and , such that

where , , and are denoted as in Theorem 4, and

with , , , , , , and represent the th column vector of matrices , , , and , respectively, and represents the th column vector of matrix .

Proof. It is an obvious fact that (24) implies the following inequality:

where

with , , and represents the th column vector of matrix .

By Theorem 4, we can obtain that the system and with is asymptotically stable. Now we are in a position to prove that the system and has a prescribed -gain index for any nonzero . To establish the -gain performance, we choose the same copositive Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional candidate as in (9) for the system and . Following the proof line of Theorem 4, we can get that

According to the definition of norm, one obtains

where represents the th column vector and represents the entry located at of matrix . Then, similarly

where represents the th column vector of matrix .

Substituting (29)-(30) into (28) leads to

If condition (24) holds, we have

We know that

For any positive scalars , and, it can be verified that

When and , we have

The existence of solution for LMI (24) implies that the positive 2D system and is asymptotically stable. Together with the zero boundary conditions, one can get

Applying (36) to (35), one has

By Definition 2, the positive 2D system and is asymptotically stable and has the -gain index .

This completes the proof.

Remark 7. In Theorem 6, the disturbance attenuation performance of positive 2D linear systems is analyzed, and sufficient conditions for the existence of -gain performance for positive 2D system to and are proposed in terms of LMIs which are computationally tractable. This is also the major contribution of our paper.

4. Numerical Example

Consider the positive 2D system with delays in the Roesser model and , where

where state dimensions are and . The boundary conditions are given by

In this example, we can get , , , and . Given , then by using the LMI Control Toolbox [37] to solve the inequalities in Theorem 6, we can get the following solutions:

Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the state responses of the system; it can be seen that the corresponding positive 2D system is asymptotically stable. Furthermore, by computing, under zero boundary conditions, we have . It is obvious that the prescribed -gain performance level is satisfied.

Figure 1: State response of .

Figure 2: State response of .

Figure 3: State response of .

5. Conclusions

This paper has addressed the delay-dependent stability analysis with -gain performance for positive 2D systems with state delays in the Roesser model. A sufficient condition for the existence of the delay-dependent asymptotic stability of positive 2D linear systems with time delays has been established. Copositive-type Lyapunov function method has been used to get a computationally tractable LMI-based sufficient criterion which ensures that the system is asymptotically stable and has a prescribed -gain performance. A numerical example has been given to illustrate the efficiency of the results. Furthermore, our future work will be devoted to the -gain control problem for positive 2D systems with delays.

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant nos. 60974027 and 61273120.

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