NEW SPECIES OF AFRICAN CHRYSIS ( HYMENOPTERA : CHRYSIDIDAE )

In the past few years I have examined several thousand Chrysidini from Africa in connection with a generic revision. The bulk of this material came from museums and private collectors. In addition I personally collected some specimens in Kenya and South Africa. Most of the original types of African species have been studied. Commonly collected species of Afrotropical Chrysis which have broad distributions are lincea Fabricius, stilboides Spinola, mediocris Dahlbom, antennata Mocshry, dira Mocshry, angolensis Radoszkowski, aurifascia Brull6, and mionii Gu6rin. All of these were described more than 75 years ago, some much longer. Nearly 150 additional species of Chrysis (plus synonyms) are known to occur in the Region, although they are less commonly taken. Most of these were named by A. Mocshry, R. du Buysson, and E. Edney. The use of Malaise traps by F. W. Gess, C. M. Eardley, and others in the past 15 years has increased the catch of previously "rare" species, and also the proportion of males. Based on the Chrysis I have seen, the list of Afrotropical species in this genus should easily reach 250. Some of the more distinctive unnamed forms are described below with indication of collectors and museum repositories. Abbreviations used in the descriptions are" F-I etc., flagellomeres; TFC, transverse frontal carina; MOD, median ocellus diameter; T-I etc., terga; S-I etc., sterna. Museum repositories are identified by the cities in which they are located. BUDAPEST, Hungarian National Mus.; CAMBRIDGE, Mus. of Comparative Zoology, Massachusetts; CAPE TOWN, South African Mus.; COPENHAGEN, Zoological Mus., Denmark; DAVIS, University of California Bohart Museum.; GAINESVILLE-AI,

DSCtSSIOrq: The short male F-I (Fig. 2), rounded metanotum, T-III teeth inside an expansion, and medium-sized round S-II spots narrowly separated, all place brothersi near zuluana Mocsry.The latter differs by the much finer punctation and extensive micro- sculpture.
The species is named for a collector of the holotype, the well- known hymenopterist, Dennis Brothers.
Chrysis capana Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE FEMALE: Length 7 mm.Body slender, green, F-I mostly green in front, wings lightly stained.Punctation moderate and close on vertex and notum, somewhat spaced on T-I, finer and a little 1987] Bohart--African Chrysis 279 spaced on T-II, fine and close on T-Ill.F-I 4.3 as long as broad, 2.1 as long as pedicel; scapal basin punctate on outer one-third, microridged on middle third; TFC partly broken, M-like (Fig. 3); malar space 2.8 MOD; subantennal space .1.8MOD.Pronotum as long as scutellum, grooved in front; metanotum rounded, mesopleu- ron edentate, episternal and scrobal sulci moderately impressed; propodeal projection pointed, concave behind.Midline of T-II faint in anterior one-half; T-III saddled before low transverse prepit swelling, lateral margin a little convex, pit row well developed, distal margin notched medially between rounded teeth (Fig. 3), apicolat- eral corners broadly rounded; S-II spots long oval, widely separated.
DISCUSSION: This is related to exsecata Mocshry on the basis of its laterally rounded and medially notched distal rim of T-III, M-like TFC, slender F-I, and medially microridged scapal basin.However, capana is a larger and more slender species, S-II spots much farther apart, TFC partial, F-I 4.3 rather than 3 as long as broad, and T-III finely rather than coarsely punctate (Fig. 3).
Chrysis capicola Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE MALE; Length 6 mm.Body moderately slender, green, grading to purple in ocellar area, T-II medially, and T-III; F-I weakly green, wings lightly stained.Punctation moderate and close.
risctssior: The slightly short male F-II (Fig. 4) places this species in the splendidula-senegalensis group along with other African species: laeta Dahlbom, senegalensis Mocshry, and impudens Edney.From all of these, capicola differs by its longer malar space (2.3 MOD vs. about 1.0).Also, T-Ill teeth are less sharp, and male F-III-X are dark.In the other 3 species these male articles tend to be reddish.In kenyana Bohart the malar space is 0.8 MOD and it has a distinctive pretegular hook.
Chrysis crenula Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE MALE: Length 4.5 mm.Body slender, blue-green with some purplish, especially at base of T-II and on T-III, wings water clear.Punctation moderately coarse, punctures 0.5-1.0PD apart and intervening space micropunctate, especially on terga.F-I 2.1X as long as broad, a little longer than F-II, which is equal to F-III; scapal basin mostly punctate and silver pubescent, narrowly polished medially; brow rough but without a TFC (Fig. 5); malar space 2.5 MOD; subantennal space 1.5 MOD.Pronotum shorter than scutellum, median groove weak; metanotum rounded; mesopleuron edentate, episternal and scrobal sulci weak; propodeal projection slender and sharp, incurved behind.Midline of T-II faint; T-III evenly convex before well developed pit row, lateral margin straight, 4 short distal teeth, middle pair close together (Fig. 5); S-II spots oval, separated by 2 MOD.FEMALE: about as in male, T-III slightly saddled.
DISCUSSION" This small slender species, with T-III notched api- tally is a little like delicatula but the moderately long F-I and absence of a TFC (Fig. 5) rule it out of that group.In addition the interpunctural microsculpture is distinctive.
DISCUSSION: This species belongs to the wahlbergi group, all of which have some sort of basolateral projection on T-III.C. evexa is close to hoplites Mocsfiry but in evexa the shape of T-III (Fig. 6), shorter metanotal projection, evenly ineurved propodeal projection, and generally more slender body are distinctive.
Chrysis genosa Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE FEMALE: Length 7 mm.Body slender, greenish-blue; purple on scutum medially, metanotum, T-II-III basolaterally; F-I-II blue in front; wings lightly stained.Punctation moderate and close on vertex and notum, a little spaced on T-II and on T-III prepit hump.F-I 2.6 as long as broad; scapal basin punctate in lateral two-fifths, mieroridged in middle one-fifth; TFC well devel- oped, biconvex; face greatly widened at mandible base where it is nearly twice as broad as at TFC (Fig. 7); malar space 4 MOD; subantennal space 1.5 MOD; postocellar area unusually large.Pronotum about as long as scutellum, median groove present but Psyche [Vol. 94weak; metanotum rounded; mesopleuron edentate, episternal and scrobal sulei moderately impressed; propodeal projection slender, sharp, incurved behind.T-I with subbasal humps unusually promi- nent; T-II midline faint; T-III slightly saddled, a median hump before pit row, lateral margin straight, pits deep, 4 distal teeth, lateral pair forming a right angle, middle pair closer together and sharp but short (Fig. 7); S-II spots long oval, 5 MOD apart.
DISCUSSION."The exceptionally broad face at the mandible base is distinctive for this medium-sized species (Fig. 7).This broadening also affects the interantennal and eye-genal earina spaces, which are greater than usual.The rather knobby T-I in front is reminiscent of the palearctic subsinuata group but the similarity is probably coin- cidental.In most respects genosa fits into the delicatula group, but discovery of the male will be needed to confirm this.Although mandibularis Buysson is considerably smaller, and its interpunetural areas are microsculptured, the laterally expanded face and other features are much like those of genosa.
DISCUSSION: This species appears to be in the splendidula- senegalensis group, and is quite similar to laeta.However, the pre- tegular scutal hook of kenyana, as well as the prominent angle on the lateral T-Ill margin (Fig. 8) are distinctive.
Chrysis krugerana Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE MALE: Length 8.5 mm.Green with tinges of purple, T-III mostly purplish blue, F-I green in front, wings brown except toward apex.Punctation moderately coarse and close on vertex and notum, punctures of terga mostly 0.5 PD apart.F-I as broad as long and slightly longer than pedicel, F-II shorter, F-III a little longer than F-I (Fig. 9); scapal basin with close and somewhat transversely striatiform punctation, sparsely pubescent on outer one-third; TFC strong, weakly and irregularly biconvex (Fig. 9); midocellar area slightly indicated; malar and subantennal spaces each 1.7 MOD.Pronotum a little shorter than scutellum, median groove weak; metanotum rounded; mesopleuron edentate, scrobal and episternal sulci strong; propodeal projection sharp, concave behind.T-II mid- line a faint welt; T-III with a prominent rounded prepit bulge, lat- eral margin nearly straight, pit row moderately impessed, weakly divided medially, 4 obtuse distal teeth (Fig. 9), S-II spots ovoid, 3 MOD apart.FEMALE: About as in male; F-I-II green in front, F-I 2 as long as broad; T-II purple basolaterally.
DISCtJSSOr: The form of the male antenna (Fig. 9) place this in the cerastes group where it is the only known South African species of this color and moderate size.green and purple tinges, a laterobasal purple spot on T-II, F-I weakly green, wings clear.Punctation moderate and close.F-I 3.4X as long as broad (Fig. 10).Scapal basin punctate and silver haired on lateral one-third, polished and microridged in central one-third; TFC M-like (Fig. 10); midocellus lidded; malar space 2.2 MOD; subantennal space MOD.Pronotum a little shorter than scutel- lum, median groove weak; metanotum rounded, mesopleuron edentate, mesopleural and scrobal sulci shallow; propodeal projec- tion sharp, incurved behind.Midline of T-II a faint welt; T-III evenly convex before moderately deep and large pit row, lateral margin straight, 4 sharp but short distal teeth (Fig. 10); S-II spots large, quadrate, practically touching.
FEMALE: About as in male.T-III saddled, slightly bent out medio- laterally, S-II spots small, nearly touching.
OISCUSSION: The long F-I, clear wings, polished and microridged middle of the scapal basin (Fig. 10), and lidded midocellus are dis- tinctive for this slender species.The species group appears to be comparata-scutellaris, but the long and slender F-I is atypical (Fig. 0).
Chrysis rhinata Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE FEMALE: Length 5.5 mm.Body moderately slender, greenish-blue with purple in ocellar area, midscutum and in sublat- eral basal spots on T-I-II; F-I-II green in front, wings lightly stained.Punctation moderately coarse and close.F-I 2.3X as long as broad; scapal basin punctate in outer two-fifths, microridged in middle one-fifth (Fig. 11); TFC a slightly irregular downcurved crescent; midocellus narrowly lidded; malar and subantennal space each about MOD.Pronotum about as long as scutellum, median groove weak; metanotum rounded; mesopleuron edentate, scrobal and episternal sulci distinct; propodeal projection sharp, incurved behind.No midline on T-II; T-III nearly straight before pit row in Psyche [Vol. 94teral view, lateral margin slightly convex, pit row moderately deep, without a strong median division, distal margin with a pair of short but sharp lateral teeth, medial pair rounded and weakly divided, forming a broad nasiform projection (Fig. 11); S-II spots small, round, 1.5 MOD apart.
DISCt:SSIOr" The facial features, such as short malar and suban- tennal spaces, and crescentic TFC (Fig. 11) suggest that rhinata belongs in the maculicornis group.Discovery of the male will be needed for confirmation.The odd, nasiform look of the T-III apex is found elsewhere only in the bihamata group.However, in rhinata the scapal basin is microridged medially, and the subantennal space is shorter.

1987]
Bohart--African Chrysis 287 DISCUSSION; The T-Ill distal flange is similar to that in some Spintharina, but the incurved propodeal projection (Fig. 17) rules out a close relationship.The weakly bidentate lower mesopleuron, quadrate lower frons, flanged T-III, and large S-II spots (Fig. 18) place senegalana in the cuprata group.It is the first species of the group recorded from the Afrotropical Region.The all green color, and large T-III postpit flange are distinctive.

Smith).
DISCUSSION" This species does not seem to be related to any other African Chrysis.Especially notable are the extremely short F-I-II which separates it from all other 6-toothed Chrysis (Fig. 12).A few other species in the smaragdula group, and all of the oculata group have F-I short, but none have this condition in both F-I and F-II.FEMALE; About as in male.F-I 2.3 as long as broad, III-X dark; tarsi brown; T-III saddled and with a low prepit convexity, pit row moderately deep.
DISCUSSION" Although male F-II is only marginally shorter than F-III, other features indicate that tesserops is in the splendidula- senegalensis group.The outstanding feature of tesserops is the spec- tacle-like form of TFC (Fig. 15).This formation has been observed in other unrelated Chrysis, but nowhere so extreme.In other respects there is a resemblance to senegalensis Mocshry, but that species has the scapal basin microridged medially.
Chrysis ugandae Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE MALE; Length 4.5 mm.Body unusually slender, green to blue, notum and T-I-II apex with a faint coppery sheen, F-I green in front, wings nearly clear.Punctation moderate, slightly spaced, more so on scutum, intervals microsculptured.F-I 2.3 as long as broad; scapal basin finely punctate, narrowly polished medially (Fig. 16).TFC absent on broadly rounded brow, lateral acellus MOD from eye, postocellar area unusually long; malar space 4 MOD, subantennal 1.3 MOD.Pronotum one-third longer than scu- tellum, median groove weak but present; metanotum rounded; mesopleuron edentate, episternal groove present, scrobal sulcus quite faint; propodeal projection short, pointed, slightly concave behind.T-II twice as long as T-III, midline evanescent; T-III evenly convex before pit row, lateral margin straight but concave near apex, pit row weakly impressed but pits relatively large, 4 distal teeth acute, sharp (Fig. 16) arranged in a rooflike curve; S-II spots large, long quadrate, narrowly separated.FEMALE; About as in male.Length 5-6 mm.T-III median pair of teeth somewhat flaring, median emargination broader and shal- lower than lateral one.
DISO3SSION" This species clearly belongs to the maindroni group, and is closely related to maindroni Buysson.Both have the very slender body, moderately long male F-I, long malar space, rounded brow without a TFC, long postocular area, obsolete scrobal sulcus, sharp T-Ill teeth, and large S-II spots.However, in ugandae the middle of the scapal basin is polished instead of microridged (Fig. 16), and the outer pair of T-Ill teeth are not unusually large.In longigena Mocsiry, also related, the interpunctural areas of the scutum are not extensively microsculptured and the lateral ocellus is 2 MOD from the eye.
Chrysis whiteheadi Bohart, new species HOLOTYPE FEMALE."Length 7 mm.Body moderately slender, green- ish blue, grading to purple on vertex, midsection of scutum, terga except laterally and postpit area of T-III; F-I dark blue, wings lightly brownish.Punctation of head and thorax moderate and close, tergal punctures about a puncture diameter apart and inter- vening spaces microreticulate.F-I 3X as long as broad, scapal basin punctate in outer one-third, transversely microridged in depressed median one-third, TFC broadly M-like above extensive punctate area, fine posterior rami nearly enclosing midocellus; malar space 3.1 MOD; subantennal space 1.4 MOD; pronotum shorter than scutellum, median groove well developed; metanotum rounded; mesopleuron edentate, scrobal and episternal sulci distinct; propodeal projection sharp, incurved behind.No T-II midline; T-III saddled but with low prepit swelling, pit row not deep but pits distinct and a little longer than broad, distal rim evenly and broadly rounded; S-II spots moderately large, almost coalescent.
DISCtJSSOr: The rounded distal rim of T-III, microreticulate interspaces between moderately large punctures on T-III, long malar space, and M-like TFC characterize the species.The T-III shape is similar to that in capitalis Dahlhom but in other respects Fig. 11, face and apex of T-III; 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, also pedicel to T-III of antenna (enlarged).Fig. 13, face, T-Ill lateral and apex dorsal.Fig.18, S-II and T-Ill apex.